Mavalankar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Damodar Mavalankar (1857 – after 1885), Indian Theosophist Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (1888–1956), Indian politician and activist Purushottam Mavalankar (1928–2002), Indian political scientist Sushila Ganesh Mavalankar (1904–1995), Indian politician