Calheiros is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Renan Calheiros (born 1955), Brazilian politician Waldyr Calheiros Novaes (1923–2013), Brazilian Roman Catholic bishop Hamílton Hênio Ferreira Calheiros (born 1980), known simply as Hamílton, Brazilian professional footballer, also naturalized as Togolese in 2003 Sebastião Lopes de Calheiros e Meneses (1816-1899), Portuguese colonial administrator
See also Paço de Calheiros