1824–25 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1824–25 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 7, 1824, and August 30, 1825. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives before the first session of the 19th United States Congress convened on December 5, 1825. Elections were held for all 213 seats, representing 24 states.

They coincided with the contentious 1824 presidential election. After no presidential candidate won an electoral majority, in February 1825 the House of the outgoing 18th Congress chose the President, John Quincy Adams, in a contingent election.

The approach of the 1824 presidential election ended the virtually nonpartisan Era of Good Feelings and motivated major realignment. The weak Federalist Party collapsed and the Democratic-Republican Party abruptly, catastrophically split.

Though Andrew Jackson lost the contingent election, public attitudes toward the charismatic, famous Jackson mainly determined the new alignment. Partisans of Jackson often were called Jacksonians, by 1828 adopting the Democratic Party label. Opponents of Jackson often were called Anti-Jacksonians, coalescing under the leadership of newly elected President John Quincy Adams and soon forming the National Republican Party.Congressional Quarterly's Guide to Elections (1975).

Though both parties were new, and were not continuations of old parties, Jacksonians were more similar to the former Democratic-Republicans, while National Republicans were more similar to the former Federalists and also were political ancestors to the future Whig Party. Leadership of the National Republicans in opposition to Jackson later would transition to Henry Clay, whose support of Adams determined the contingent election.

Election summaries Representatives regrouped into Jackson supporters and Adams supporters (comprising the Adams-Clay faction in the contingent election), while supporters of William Crawford, whose ill health and retirement had indirectly helped trigger the realignment, divided between the two factions with 33 going to the Adams-Clay faction and 22 going to the Jackson faction. + ↓ 109 104 Anti-Jacksonian Jacksonian State Date ↑ Type Totalseats Anti-Jacksonian Jacksonian Seats Change Seats Change Louisiana July 7–9, 1824 Districts 3 2 1 Illinois August 2, 1824 At-large 1 1 0 Indiana August 2, 1824 Districts 3 2 2 1 2 Kentucky August 2, 1824 Districts 12 7 1 5 1 Missouri August 2, 1824 At-large 1 1 0 Mississippi August 2–3, 1824 At-large 1 0 1 Vermont September 7, 1824 District 5 4 1 1 1 Maine September 13, 1824 Districts 7 6 1 1 1 Georgia October 4, 1824 At-large 7 0 7 7 Maryland October 4, 1824 Districts 9 7 2 2 1 Delaware October 5, 1824 At-large 1 0 1 1 South Carolina October 11–12, 1824 Districts 9 0 9 Ohio October 12, 1824 Districts 14 12 2 2 Pennsylvania October 12, 1824 Districts 26 4 3 22 3 Massachusetts November 1, 1824 Districts 13 12 1 New Hampshire November 1, 1824 At-large 6 5 1 1 1 New Jersey November 2, 1824 At-large 6 3 2 3 2 New York November 1–3, 1824 Districts 34 26 8 8 6 Late elections (after the March 4, 1825, beginning of the term) Connecticut April 4, 1825 At-large 6 6 0 Virginia April 1825 Districts 22 7 6 15 14 Alabama August 1–3, 1825 Districts 3 0 3 Tennessee August 4–5, 1825 Districts 9 0 9 North Carolina August 11, 1825 Districts 13 2 1 11 9 Rhode Island August 30, 1825 At-large 2 2 0 Total 213 109 22 104 33

Special elections

There were special elections in 1824 and 1825 to the 18th United States Congress and 19th United States Congress.

Special elections are sorted by date then district.

18th Congress

! | Charles Rich | | Democratic-Republican | 18121814 1816 | | Incumbent died October 15, 1824, having already either retired or lost re-election.New member elected in 1824 and seated December 13, 1824.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner was not a candidate to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | John Bailey (D-R) declared not entitled to seat in previous election.Bailey was re-elected November 29, 1824 and seated December 13, 1824.Democratic-Republican gain.Winner later elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

Third ballot

! | Thomas W. Cobb | | Democratic-Republican | 18161820 1822 | | Incumbent resigned December 6, 1824, when elected U.S. Senator.New member elected in 1824 and seated February 7, 1825.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner was not a candidate for the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Hutchins G. Burton | | Democratic-Republican | 1819 | | Incumbent resigned March 23, 1824, when elected Governor of North Carolina.New member elected January 6, 1825 and seated January 19, 1825.Democratic-Republican hold.Winner later elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

19th Congress

Alabama

Alabama elected its members August 1–3, 1825, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Arkansas Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

Connecticut

Connecticut elected its members April 4, 1825, after the term began but before the new Congress convened.

Delaware

Delaware elected its member October 5, 1824.

Florida Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

Georgia

Georgia elected its members October 4, 1824. There were only 7 candidates who ran statewide in 1824. There were several other candidates who received votes in a small number of states, but vote totals were only available for the seven winning candidates. The minor candidates only received a few hundred votes each.

Illinois

Illinois elected its member August 2, 1824.

In 1824 a proposal was made to hold a convention to make Illinois a slave state. The Pro-Slavery Party was led by former Governor Bond and others, while the Anti-Slavery Party was led by Governor Coles and others. The election took place on August 2, resulting in Illinois voting against the convention and electing the anti-slavery candidate, Daniel P. Cook. Despite the failure of the plan to officially make Illinois a slave state, the state effectively continued the practice through laws that classified Black individuals as "indentured servants," which in practice made them slaves.

Indiana

Indiana elected its members August 2, 1824.

Kentucky

Kentucky elected its members August 2, 1824.

! | Philip Thompson

1824–25 United States House of Representatives elections

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