The 1840–41 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 6, 1840, and November 2, 1841. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives, before or after the first session of the 27th United States Congress convened on May 31, 1841. Elections were held for all 242 seats, representing 26 states.

In a Whig wave, voters gave the Whig Party a House majority for the first time. Most Americans experienced the Panic of 1837 as a severe economic downturn. Its perceived mishandling by Democratic President Martin Van Buren fueled new support for alternative economic policies favored by Whigs. These were policies which were previously viewed with skepticism by the voters. Collapse of the Anti-Masonic Party in the late 1830s also drove some third-party incumbents into the Whig Party. Newly elected members included Robert M. T. Hunter, Independent of Virginia, and Zadok Casey, Independent Democrat of Illinois.

Election summaries

+ ↓ 98 2 142 Democratic Whig

State Type Date Totalseats Democratic Whig Seats Change Seats Change Louisiana Districts July 6–8, 1840 3 1 1 2 1 Missouri At-large August 3, 1840 2 2 0 Illinois Districts August 7, 1840 3 2 1 Vermont Districts September 4, 1840 5 0 2 5 2 Maine Districts September 14, 1840 8 4 2 4 2 Arkansas At-large October 5, 1840 1 1 0 Georgia At-large October 6, 1840 9 0 9 South Carolina Districts October 12–13, 1840 9 8 1 Ohio Districts October 13, 1840 19 7 4 12 4 Pennsylvania District (25) October 13, 1840 28 15 2 13 8 New York District (33) November 2–4, 1840 40 21 2 19 2 Connecticut Districts November 3, 1840 6 0 6 Michigan At-large November 3, 1840 1 0 1 1 1 New Jersey At-large November 3, 1840 6 0 5 6 5 Massachusetts Districts November 9, 1840 12 1 1 11 1 Delaware At-large November 10, 1840 1 0 1 1 11841 elections New Hampshire At-large March 9, 1841 5 5 0 Rhode Island At-large April 21, 1841 2 0 2 Virginia Districts April 23, 1841 21 10 2 10 3 Kentucky Districts April 26, 1841 13 2 11 Indiana Districts May 3, 1841 7 1 4 6 4 Tennessee Districts May 6, 1841 13 5 1 8 1 North Carolina Districts May 13, 1841 13 5 3 8 3 Maryland District (7) May 17, 1841 8 2 3 6 3 Alabama At-large May 20, 1841 5 5 2 0 2 Mississippi At-large November 1–2, 1841 2 2 0 Total 242 99 26 142 33 The previous election had two minor parties, the Anti-Masonic Party with 6 seats and the Conservative Party (of Virginia) with 2 seats, both of which disappeared in this election.

The 1st session of the 27th Congress began May 31, 1841, before Mississippi had elected Representatives, leaving that State unrepresented until the 2nd session.

Special elections 26th Congress

! | Charles F. Mercer | | Whig | 1817 | | Incumbent resigned December 26, 1839.New member elected January 15, 1840.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | Tilghman Howard | | Democratic | 1839 | | Incumbent resigned August 1, 1840.New member elected August 3, 1840.Whig gain. | nowrap |

! | Thomas Corwin | | Whig | 1830 | | Incumbent resigned May 30, 1840, to successfully run for Governor of Ohio.New member elected October 13, 1840.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | Richard Biddle | | Anti-Masonic | 1836 | | Incumbent resigned May 13, 1840.New member elected October 13, 1840.Whig gain.Winner not elected the same day to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Simeon H. Anderson | | Whig | 1839 | | Incumbent died August 11, 1840.New member elected October 19–21, 1840.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | Anson Brown | | Whig | 1838 | | Incumbent died June 14, 1840.New member elected November 2–4, 1840.Whig hold.Winner not elected the same day to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | William L. Storrs | | Whig | 18291833 1839 | | Incumbent resigned June 1840 to become associate justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors.New member elected November 3, 1840.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | Rice Garland | | Whig | 1834 | | Incumbent resigned July 21, 1840, to become associate justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court.New member elected November 7, 1840.Whig hold.Winner had already been elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | Abbott Lawrence | | Whig | 18341836 1839 | | Incumbent resigned September 18, 1840.New member elected November 9, 1840.Whig hold.Winner also elected the same day to the next term; see below. | nowrap |

! | William S. Ramsey | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent died October 17, 1840.New member elected November 20, 1840.Democratic hold. | nowrap |

! | Joel Holleman | | Democratic | 1839 | | Incumbent resigned December 1, 1840.New member elected December 28, 1840.Whig gain. | nowrap |

! | Walter T. Colquitt | | Whig | 1838 | | Incumbent resigned July 21, 1840.New member elected January 4, 1841.Whig hold.Winner had not been a candidate for the next term; see below. | nowrap |

27th Congress

! | George Evans | | Whig | 1829 | | Incumbent resigned March 4, 1841, when elected U.S. Senator.New member elected March 14, 1841.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | Levi Lincoln | | Whig | 1834 | | Incumbent resigned March 16, 1841, to become Collector of the Port of Boston.New member elected May 3, 1841.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | William S. Ramsey | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent died October 17, 1840.New member elected May 4, 1841.Democratic hold. | nowrap |

! | Francis Granger | | Whig | 18341836 1838 | | Incumbent resigned March 5, 1841, to become U.S. Postmaster General.New member elected May 11–13, 1841.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | Enos Hook | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent resigned April 18, 1841.New member elected May 25, 1841.Democratic hold. | nowrap |

! | Charles Ogle | | Whig | 1836 | | Incumbent died May 10, 1841.New member elected June 8, 1841.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | John Sergeant | | Whig | 1815 1822 1827 1828 1836 | | Incumbent resigned September 15, 1841.New member elected October 2, 1841.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | John Greig | | Whig | 1841 | | Incumbent resigned September 25, 1841.New member elected November 1–3, 1841.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | Linn Banks | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent resigned November 8, 1841, in the middle of an election contest initiated by William Smith.New member elected November 30, 1841.Democratic hold. | nowrap |

! rowspan=3 | | William C. Dawson | | Whig | 1836 | | Incumbent resigned November 13, 1841, after losing his run for Governor of Georgia.New member elected December 21, 1841.Democratic gain. | rowspan=3 nowrap |

| E. A. Nisbet | | Whig | 1838 | | Incumbent resigned October 12, 1841.New member elected December 21, 1841.Democratic gain.

| Julius C. Alford | | Whig | 1837 1837 1838 | | Incumbent resigned October 1, 1841.New member elected December 21, 1841.Democratic gain.

! | Henry Black | | Whig | 1841 | | Incumbent died November 28, 1841.New member elected December 21, 1841.Whig hold. | nowrap |

Alabama

Arkansas

The election was held October 5, 1840.

! | Edward Cross | | Democratic | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

Connecticut

! | Joseph Trumbull | | Whig | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | William W. Boardman | | Whig | 1840 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Thomas W. Williams | | Whig | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Thomas B. Osborne | | Whig | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Truman Smith | | Whig | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Orrin Holt | | Whig | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

Delaware

The election was held November 10, 1840.

! | Thomas Robinson Jr. | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap |

Florida Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

Georgia

The election was held October 6, 1840.

! rowspan=9 | | William C. Dawson | | Whig | 1836 | Incumbent re-elected.Incumbent then resigned November 13, 1841,leading to a special election; see above. | rowspan=9 nowrap |

| Julius C. Alford | | Whig | 1837 1837 1838 | Incumbent re-elected.Incumbent then resigned October 1, 1841,leading to a special election; see above.

| colspan=3 | Vacant | | Rep. Walter T. Colquitt (W) resigned July 21, 1840.Whig hold.Winner was not elected to finish the current term;see above.

| Richard W. Habersham | | Whig | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected.

| T. Butler King | | Whig | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected.

| Lott Warren | | Whig | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected.

| E. A. Nisbet | | Whig | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected.Incumbent then resigned October 12, 1841,leading to a special election; see above.

| Edward J. Black | | Whig | 1838 | | Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat.Whig hold.

| Mark A. Cooper | | Whig | 1838 | | Incumbent lost re-election as a Democrat.Whig hold.

Illinois

Elections were held August 2, 1841, after the March 4, 1841 beginning of the term and after the House first convened in May 1849.

! | John Reynolds | | Democratic | 1834 1836 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Zadok Casey | | Democratic | 1832 | | Incumbent re-elected as anIndependent Democrat.Independent Democratic gain. | nowrap |

! | John T. Stuart | | Whig | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

Indiana

Iowa Territory See Non-voting delegates, below.

Kentucky

Louisiana

Elections were held July 6–8, 1840.

! | Edward D. White Sr. | | Whig | 18281834 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Thomas W. Chinn | | Whig | 1838 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic gain. | nowrap |

! | Rice Garland | | Whig | 1834 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold.Incumbent then resigned July 21, 1840,leading to a special election; see above. | nowrap |

Maine

Elections were held September 14, 1840.

! | Nathan Clifford | | Democratic | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Albert Smith | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap |

! | Benjamin Randall | | Whig | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | George Evans | | Whig | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected.Incumbent then resigned March 4, 1841,leading to a special election; see above. | nowrap |

! | Virgil D. Parris | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent lost renomination and re-election.Democratic hold. | nowrap |

Third ballot

! | Hugh J. Anderson | | Democratic | 1837 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold. | nowrap |

! | Joshua A. Lowell | | Democratic | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | Second ballot

! | Thomas Davee | | Democratic | 1836 | | Incumbent retired.Whig gain. | nowrap |

Maryland

Massachusetts Elections were held November 9, 1840.

! | colspan=3 | Vacant | | Rep. Abbott Lawrence (W) resigned September 18, 1840.Whig hold.Winner also elected the same day to finish the current term;see above. | nowrap |

! | Leverett Saltonstall | | Whig | 1838 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Caleb Cushing | | Whig | 1834 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | William Parmenter | | Democratic | 1836 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Levi Lincoln | | Whig | 1834 | Incumbent re-elected.Incumbent then resigned March 16, 1841, leading to aspecial election; see above. | nowrap |

! | Osmyn Baker | | Whig | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | George N. Briggs | | Whig | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | William B. Calhoun | | Whig | 1834 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | William S. Hastings | | Whig | 1836 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

! | Henry Williams | | Democratic | 1838 | | Incumbent lost re-election.Whig gain. | nowrap | Second ballot

! | John Reed Jr. | | Whig | 18121817 1820 | | Incumbent retired.Whig hold. | nowrap |

! | John Quincy Adams | | Whig | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap |

Mississippi

Elections held late, from November 1 to 2, 1841.

! rowspan=2 | (2 seats) | Jacob Thompson | | Democratic | 1839 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap rowspan=2 | |- | Albert G. Brown | | Democratic | 1839 | | Incumbent retired.Democratic hold.

Michigan