The Health and Family Welfare Department is an administrative department under the Government of Kerala, responsible for public health, medical services, family welfare, and the management of healthcare institutions across the state. The department formulates health policies, oversees statewide health infrastructure, implements national health programs, and monitors public health initiatives.
It is one of the largest administrative departments of Kerala and functions through various directorates, autonomous bodies, and missions. The department also oversees medical education, preventive health programs, health insurance schemes, and family welfare initiatives. It has its headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
Leadership The Department of Health and Family Welfare is headed by a Cabinet Minister of the Government of Kerala, and the incumbent Minister is K. Muraleedharan.
Administratively, the department is headed by a Principal Secretary to Government, an IAS officer. The Principal Secretary is supported by Additional Secretaries, Deputy Secretaries, Under Secretaries, and other staff posted in the Secretariat.Rules of Business of Government of Kerala – Part II: First Schedule
The operational wings of the department include: Directorate of Health Services (DHS) Directorate of Medical Education (DME) Drugs Control Department Commissionerate of Food Safety (Food Safety Department)
Functions Formulation and implementation of health policies and State Health Action Plans. Operation and administration of government hospitals, public health facilities, and specialty medical institutions. Implementation of National Health Mission (NHM) and other centrally sponsored schemes relating to public health and family welfare. Disease surveillance, epidemic prevention, and public health response activities through the State Surveillance Unit. Administration of health-related missions, boards, and autonomous institutions.
Departments under Directorate of Health Services (DHS) Directorate of Medical Education (DME) Commissionerate of Food Safety, Kerala Drugs Control Department, Kerala National Health Mission (NHM)
Directorate of Health Services (DHS) This is the main operational department of the Health and Family Welfare Department. It's headed by a Director, who functions as the Head of department. The Director of Health Services supervise and administer the allopathic medical institutions such as District Hospitals, Taluk Hospitals, Community Health Centres (CHCs), Public Health Centres (PHCs) and other government health clinics across the state. Each of 14 district has a District Medical Officer (DMO), who supervise government allopathic health institutions in the district. Each government hospital is under control of Superintendent, and Each Public Health Centres is under Medical Officer (I/C).
Directorate of Medical Education (DME) The Director of Medical Education is responsible for administration of government medical colleges and medical education institutions in the state.
The Government Medical College Hospitals functions under the administrative control the DME. The Department is responsible for supervision and administration of medical colleges, dental colleges, nursing colleges and other medical institutions.
Major Institutions and Bodies under the Department: Government Medical Colleges in Kerala State Health Systems Resource Centre – Kerala (SHSRC) Public Health Laboratories and Research Centres Drugs Control Department The Drugs Control Department, formed in 1961, is the statutory authority responsible for regulating the manufacture, sale, and distribution of drugs and cosmetics in the state. It enforces the provisions of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 to ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of medicines and to prevent the circulation of spurious or substandard drugs, thereby safeguarding public health.
The Drugs Control Department is headed by a Drugs Controller and assisted by deputy drugs controllers and assistant drugs controllers at headquarters. The enforcement wing consists senior/regional drugs inspectors and drugs inspectors who functions at the field level. The department also has a Drugs Testing Laboratory, known as the Government Analyst Laboratory, at Thiruvananthapuram, headed by a Chief Government Analyst.
Commissionerate of Food Safety The Commissionerate of Food Safety enforces food safety laws to ensure safe and hygienic food, prevent adulteration, and protect public health. The department is headed by a Commissioner of Food Safety, an IAS cadre officer, and has its headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram.
The department has two primary wings: the Enforcement Wing and the Analytical Wing. The Enforcement Wing consists of four regional-level offices headed by Deputy Commissioners of Food Safety, 14 district-level offices headed by Assistant Commissioners of Food Safety, and 140 circle-level offices headed by Food Safety Officers. The Food Safety Circle Offices are coterminous with the State’s Legislative Assembly constituencies.
The Analytical Wing comprises the Government Analytical Laboratory at Thiruvananthapuram, two regional laboratories at Kozhikode and Ernakulam, and a District Food Testing Laboratory at Pathanamthitta.
Organisations The following is the autonomous institutions functioning under the department. Organisation Website Centre for One Health-Kerala (COH-K) Child Development Centre Kerala (CDC) Cochin Cancer Research Centre (CCRC) eHealth Kerala Indian Institute of Diabetes (IID) Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS) Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IMHANS) Kerala Dental Council (KDC) Kerala Health Research and Welfare Society (KHRWS) Kerala Medical Services Corporation Limited (KMSCL) Kerala Nurses and Midwives Council (KNMC) Kerala State AIDS Control Society (KSACS) Kerala State Blood Transfusion Council (KSBTC) Kerala State Council for Clinical Establishment (CCE) Kerala State Institute of Health and Family Welfare (KSIHFW) Kerala State Medical Councils (KSMC) Kerala State Mental Health Authority (KSMHA) Kerala State Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (K-SOTTO) Kerala State Pharmacy Council (KSPC) Kerala University of Health Sciences (KUHS) Malabar Cancer Centre (PGIOSR) Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram Regional Institute of Ophthalmology (RIO) State Health Agency Kerala (SHA) State Health Systems Resource Centre – Kerala (SHSRC-K) State Institute of Medical Education and Technology (SIMET) State TB Cell (NTEP) Apex Trauma & Emergency Learning Centre (AT&ELC)
Health infrastructure The Directorate of Health Services (DHS) look after the administration and supervision of the following government hospitals and institutions. These institutions are governed by respective local-self government institutions.
Sl. No. Institution / Category TotalRef. Hospitals & Major Institutions 1 General Hospitals 18 2 District Hospitals 18 3 Taluk Head Quarter Hospitals 48 4 Taluk Hospitals 40 5 Community Health Centres 185 6 Community Health Centres converted to FHCs 41 7 24×7 Primary Health Centres 3 8 24×7 Primary Health Centres converted to FHCs 156 9 Primary Health Centres 2 10 Primary Health Centres converted to FHCs 688 11 District TB Centres 14 12 Mobile Unit/Dispensaries/Health Clinics 49 13 Women & Children Hospitals 10 14 Mental Health Centres 3 15 TB Hospitals 4 16 Leprosy Hospitals 3 17 Speciality Hospitals 7 Other Institutions 18 Schools of Nursing 15 19 Training Centres 10 20 Government Public Labs 10 21 District Vector Control Units 14 22 Others (DHS, DMOH, OFFSET Press) 16 23 Health Subcentres 5416
Challenges and medical negligence concerns Despite Kerala’s reputation for a strong public healthcare system, the sector has faced scrutiny over instances of alleged medical negligence, infrastructure gaps, and administrative challenges, particularly during the tenure of the second Pinarayi Vijayan ministry (2021–2026).
Foreign investment and healthcare corporatisation concerns In Kerala, some very large foreign investment companies such as Blackstone and KKR are buying major stakes in private hospitals. For example, in 2024, KKR invested about ₹2,500 crore (300 million US dollars) to take control of Baby Memorial Hospital, while Blackstone-backed Quality Care invested around ₹3,500 crore (400 million US dollars) to acquire most of KIMS Health hospitals. Some doctors, economists, and public health experts are worried that this growing corporatisation of healthcare could slowly make treatment more expensive because large investment firms mainly aim to increase profits and financial returns. They fear this could increase out-of-pocket spending for ordinary families, especially since Kerala households already spend around ₹8,655 in rural areas and ₹10,341 in urban areas on hospital treatment, which is more than double the national average. Experts are also concerned that if government hospitals continue facing problems such as lack of specialist care, advanced facilities, weak infrastructure, and slow policy implementation, more people may become dependent on private hospitals and insurance-led healthcare systems. Critics warn that this could gradually push Kerala toward a more Western-style healthcare model, where insurance companies, hospital corporations, and private investors play a larger role in deciding access to treatment, often leading to higher medical costs, more tests and procedures, rising insurance premiums, and unequal access between richer and poorer patients. Because of these concerns, health experts are calling for stronger public hospitals, better regulation of treatment charges, more transparency in hospital billing, and tighter oversight of insurance-driven healthcare services so that medical care remains affordable and accessible for ordinary people.
Reported medical negligence cases Several high-profile cases of alleged medical negligence in government hospitals have been reported. In one instance, a surgical instrument (artery forceps) was found inside a patient years after a procedure at a government medical college hospital in Alappuzha, leading to police action and disciplinary proceedings.
In another case, a guide wire used during surgery was left inside a patient’s chest at a government hospital in Thiruvananthapuram. The state health department acknowledged the error and initiated action against those responsible.
Additional cases have involved complications following surgical procedures, including instances where patients reported severe pain due to retained surgical materials, prompting police complaints and legal proceedings.
Cases involving deaths during treatment have also been reported. For example, a woman died during treatment at Kottayam Medical College Hospital, with her family alleging negligence, prompting an internal investigation.
In July 2025, the collapse of a portion of a building at Kottayam Medical College Hospital resulted in the death of a patient and led to allegations regarding delays in rescue operations and infrastructure maintenance.
Systemic and infrastructure issues Beyond individual cases, concerns have been raised regarding systemic issues in public healthcare institutions. Reports have indicated infrastructure deficiencies, including hospital buildings requiring urgent repair or demolition.
Medical professionals have also reported increased pressure and legal scrutiny following negligence allegations, with some noting a shift towards “defensive medicine” practices in hospitals.
Data and broader trends Comprehensive state-level data on medical negligence cases is not consistently published. However, national-level data indicates a rise in litigation, with approximately 65,000 medical negligence cases filed across India in 2025 in courts and consumer forums.