Guaiania is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lecythidaceae. It includes five species native to northern and northeastern Brazil, the Guianas, and Venezuela.
The species in Guaiania constitute the former Corrugata clade of genus Lecythis. Vargas et al. published a phylogenetic study in 2024 which concluded that Lecythis was polyphyletic, and the authors proposed new or revived genera, including Guaiania, for the paraphyletic sections of Lecythis.Oscar M. Vargas, Drew A. Larson, Juvenal Batista, Xavier Cornejo, Bruno Garcia Luize, Diana Medellín-Zabala, Michel Ribeiro, Nathan P. Smith, Stephen A. Smith, Alberto Vicentini, and Christopher W. Dick "Reclassification of the Bertholletia Clade of the Brazil Nut Family (Lecythidaceae) Based on a Phylogenetic Analysis of Plastome and Target Sequence Capture Data," Harvard Papers in Botany 29(1), 159-179, (30 June 2024). https://doi.org/10.3100/hpib.v29iss1.2024.n18
Species 19 species are accepted. Guaiania confertiflora Guaiania corrugata Guaiania idatimon Guaiania persistens Guaiania pneumatophora
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