Dráb (feminine: Drábová) is a Czech and Slovak surname. In feudal times, dráb denoted the occupation of a man who oversaw workers in the fields or executed corporal punishment. In a certain context, this word also referred to an (infantry) soldier. A diminutive form of the surname is Drábek. Notable people with the surname include:

Dana Drábová (1961–2025), Czech physicist and politician Tomáš Dráb (born 1999), Slovak footballer

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