Goedicke, also spelled Gödicke, is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the name include:
Alexander Goedicke (1877–1957), Russian and Soviet composer and pianist Fritz Gödicke (1919–2009), East German footballer and manager Kurt-Hans Goedicke (born 1935), German-born English timpanist Oliver Goedicke, German DJ and musician Patricia Goedicke (1931–2006), American poet Stefan Gödicke (born 1970), Swedish actor Wolfgang Gödicke (born 1934), German modern pentathlete