This list of birds of Piauí includes species documented in the Brazilian state of Piauí. The backbone of this list is provided by Avibase, and all additions that differ from this list have citations. As of September 2025, there are 607 recorded bird species in Piauí.
The following tags note species in each of those categories: (A) Accidental - species not regularly occurring in Piauí (Ex) Extirpated - species that no longer occurs in Piauí but still occurs elsewhere (EW) Extinct in the wild - species that now only occurs in captivity (EB) Endemic to Brazil - species that is only found in Brazil (I) Introduced - species that is not native to Piauí
Rheas Order: RheiformesFamily: Rheidae Greater rhea (Rhea americana)
Tinamous Order: TinamiformesFamily: Tinamidae Little tinamou (Crypturellus soui) Undulated tinamou (Crypturellus undulatus) Yellow-legged tinamou (Crypturellus noctivagus) (EB) Small-billed tinamou (Crypturellus parvirostris) Tataupa tinamou (Crypturellus tataupa) Red-winged tinamou (Rhynchotus rufescens) White-bellied nothura (Nothura boraquira) Spotted nothura (Nothura maculosa)
Screamers Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anhimidae Horned screamer (Anhima cornuta)
Ducks, geese, and waterfowl Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae Fulvous whistling duck (Dendrocygna bicolor) White-faced whistling duck (Dendrocygna viduata) Black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis) Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) Comb duck (Sarkidiornis sylvicola) Brazilian teal (Amazonetta brasiliensis) White-cheeked pintail (Anas bahamensis) Southern pochard (Netta erythrophthalma) Masked duck (Nomonyx dominicus)
Chachalacas, guans, and curassows Order: GalliformesFamily: Cracidae Buff-browed chachalaca (Ortalis superciliaris) (EB) Rusty-margined guan (Penelope superciliaris) White-browed guan (Penelope jacucaca) (EB)
Doves and pigeons Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae Rock pigeon (Columba livia) (I) Pale-vented pigeon (Patagioenas cayennensis) Ruddy pigeon (Patagioenas subvinacea) (A) Picazuro pigeon (Patagioenas picazuro) White-tipped dove (Leptotila verreauxi) Grey-fronted dove (Leptotila rufaxilla) Eared dove (Zenaida auriculata) Blue ground dove (Claravis pretiosa) Long-tailed ground dove (Uropelia campestris) Common ground dove (Columbina passerina) Plain-breasted ground dove (Columbina minuta) Ruddy ground dove (Columbina talpacoti) Scaled dove (Columbina squammata) Picui ground dove (Columbina picui)
Cuckoos Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae Guira cuckoo (Guira guira) Greater ani (Crotophaga major) Smooth-billed ani (Crotophaga ani) Striped cuckoo (Tapera naevia) Pheasant cuckoo (Dromococcyx phasianellus) Pavonine cuckoo (Dromococcyx pavoninus) Little cuckoo (Coccycua minuta) (A) Squirrel cuckoo (Piaya cayana) Dark-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus melacoryphus) Yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus) Pearly-breasted cuckoo (Coccyzus euleri) Mangrove cuckoo (Coccyzus minor)
Nightjars Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae Rufous nightjar (Antrostomus rufus) Short-tailed nighthawk (Lurocalis semitorquatus) Band-tailed nighthawk (Nyctiprogne leucopyga) Common pauraque (Nyctidromus albicollis) Pygmy nightjar (Nyctipolus hirundinaceus) (EB) Little nightjar (Setopagis parvula) Band-winged nightjar (Systellura longirostris) Spot-tailed nightjar (Hydropsalis maculicaudus) (A) Scissor-tailed nightjar (Hydropsalis torquata) Least nighthawk (Chordeiles pusillus) Nacunda nighthawk (Chordeiles nacunda) Lesser nighthawk (Chordeiles acutipennis)
Potoos Order: NyctibiiformesFamily: Nyctibiidae Great potoo (Nyctibius grandis) Common potoo (Nyctibius griseus)
Swifts Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae Sooty swift (Cypseloides fumigatus) Great dusky swift (Cypseloides senex) White-collared swift (Streptoprocne zonaris) Biscutate swift (Streptoprocne biscutata) Sick's swift (Chaetura meridionalis) Short-tailed swift (Chaetura brachyura) (A) Fork-tailed palm swift (Tachornis squamata) Lesser swallow-tailed swift (Panyptila cayennensis)
Hummingbirds Order: ApodiformesFamily: Trochilidae Rufous-breasted hermit (Glaucis hirsutus) Broad-tipped hermit (Anopetia gounellei) (EB) Cinnamon-throated hermit (Phaethornis nattereri) Reddish hermit (Phaethornis ruber) Planalto hermit (Phaethornis pretrei) Horned sungem (Heliactin bilophus) White-tailed goldenthroat (Polytmus guainumbi) Ruby-topaz hummingbird (Chrysolampis mosquitus) Black-throated mango (Anthracothorax nigricollis) Long-billed starthroat (Heliomaster longirostris) Stripe-breasted starthroat (Heliomaster squamosus) (EB) Amethyst woodstar (Calliphlox amethystina) Blue-tailed emerald (Chlorostilbon mellisugus) (A) Glittering-bellied emerald (Chlorostilbon lucidus) Fork-tailed woodnymph (Thalurania furcata) Swallow-tailed hummingbird (Eupetomena macroura) Versicolored emerald (Chrysuronia versicolor) Plain-bellied emerald (Chrysuronia leucogaster) Glittering-throated emerald (Chionomesa fimbriata) Blue-chinned sapphire (Chlorestes notata)
Rails Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae Clapper rail (Rallus longirostris) Purple gallinule (Porphyrio martinica) Common gallinule (Gallinula galeata) Yellow-breasted crake (Laterallus flaviventer) Russet-crowned crake (Rufirallus viridis) Rufous-sided crake (Laterallus melanophaius) Grey-breasted crake (Laterallus exilis) Ash-throated crake (Mustelirallus albicollis) Paint-billed crake (Neocrex erythrops) Spotted rail (Pardirallus maculatus) Uniform crake (Amaurolimnas concolor) Giant wood rail (Aramides ypecaha) (A) Little wood rail (Aramides mangle) (EB) Grey-necked wood rail (Aramides cajaneus)
Sungrebes Order: GruiformesFamily: Heliornithidae Sungrebe (Heliornis fulica)
Limpkins Order: GruiformesFamily: Aramidae Limpkin (Aramus guarauna)
Stilts and avocets Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae Black-necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus)
Oystercatchers Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae American oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus)
Plovers and lapwings Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae American golden plover (Pluvialis dominica) Black-bellied plover (Pluvialis squatarola) Pied lapwing (Vanellus cayanus) Southern lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) Semipalmated plover (Charadrius semipalmatus) Wilson's plover (Charadrius wilsonia) Collared plover (Charadrius collaris)
Jacanas Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Jacanidae Wattled jacana (Jacana jacana)
Sandpipers Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) Ruddy turnstone (Arenaria interpres) Red knot (Calidris canutus) Stilt sandpiper (Calidris himantopus) Sanderling (Calidris alba) Least sandpiper (Calidris minutilla) White-rumped sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis) Pectoral sandpiper (Calidris melanotos) (A) Semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) Short-billed dowitcher (Limnodromus griseus) Pantanal snipe (Gallinago paraguaiae) Spotted sandpiper (Actitis macularius) Solitary sandpiper (Tringa solitaria) Greater yellowlegs (Tringa melanoleuca) Lesser yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) Willet (Tringa semipalmata)
Skuas and jaegers Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae South polar skua (Stercorarius maccormicki) Pomarine jaeger (Stercorarius pomarinus) Parasitic jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus)
Gulls, terns, and skimmers Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae Grey-hooded gull (Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus) Laughing gull (Leucophaeus atricilla) Kelp gull (Larus dominicanus) Brown noddy (Anous stolidus) Black skimmer (Rynchops niger) Least tern (Sternula antillarum) Yellow-billed tern (Sternula superciliaris) Large-billed tern (Phaetusa simplex) Gull-billed tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) Common tern (Sterna hirundo) Sandwich tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis) Royal tern (Thalasseus maximus)
Flamingos Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae American flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber) (Ex)
Grebes Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae Pied-billed grebe (Podilymbus podiceps) Least grebe (Tachybaptus dominicus)
Sunbitterns Order: EurypygiformesFamily: Eurypygidae Sunbittern (Eurypyga helias)
Southern storm petrels Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae Wilson's storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) Black-bellied storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica)
Northern storm petrels Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae Madeiran storm-petrel (Hydrobates castro) (A) Leach's storm-petrel (Hydrobates leucorhous)
Petrels and shearwaters Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae Cory's shearwater (Calonectris borealis) (A) Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus)
Storks Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ciconiidae Jabiru (Jabiru mycteria) Wood stork (Mycteria americana)
Frigatebirds Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Fregatidae Magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens)
Boobies and gannets Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Sulidae Masked booby (Sula dactylatra) (A)
Anhingas Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Anhingidae Anhinga (Anhinga anhinga)
Cormorants Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae Neotropic cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus)
Ibises and spoonbills Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae Roseate spoonbill (Platalea ajaja) Scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber) Green ibis (Mesembrinibis cayennensis) Bare-faced ibis (Phimosus infuscatus) Buff-necked ibis (Theristicus caudatus)
Herons and egrets Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae Rufescent tiger heron (Tigrisoma lineatum) Boat-billed heron (Cochlearius cochlearius) Zigzag heron (Zebrilus undulatus) (A) Pinnated bittern (Botaurus pinnatus) Stripe-backed bittern (Botaurus involucris) Least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis) Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) Yellow-crowned night heron (Nyctanassa violacea) Striated heron (Butorides striata) Western cattle egret (Ardea ibis) Cocoi heron (Ardea cocoi) Great egret (Ardea alba) Whistling heron (Syrigma sibilatrix) Capped heron (Pilherodius pileatus) Tricoloured heron (Egretta tricolor) Snowy egret (Egretta thula) Little blue heron (Egretta caerulea)
New World vultures Order: CathartiformesFamily: Cathartidae Turkey vulture (Cathartes aura) Lesser yellow-headed vulture (Cathartes burrovianus) King vulture (Sarcoramphus papa) Black vulture (Coragyps atratus)
Ospreys Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Pandionidae Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)
Hawks, kites, and eagles Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae White-tailed kite (Elanus leucurus) Pearl kite (Gampsonyx swainsonii) Hook-billed kite (Chondrohierax uncinatus) Grey-headed kite (Leptodon cayanensis) Swallow-tailed kite (Elanoides forficatus) Snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis) Rufous-thighed kite (Harpagus diodon) Plumbeous kite (Ictinia plumbea) Sharp-shinned hawk (Accipiter striatus) Bicoloured hawk (Astur bicolor) Tiny hawk (Microspizias superciliosus) Crane hawk (Geranospiza caerulescens) Black-collared hawk (Busarellus nigricollis) Savanna hawk (Buteogallus meridionalis) Rufous crab hawk (Buteogallus aequinoctialis) Great black hawk (Buteogallus urubitinga) Chaco eagle (Buteogallus coronatus) Roadside hawk (Rupornis magnirostris) Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) White-tailed hawk (Geranoaetus albicaudatus) Black-chested buzzard-eagle (Geranoaetus melanoleucus) Black hawk eagle (Spizaetus tyrannus) Black-and-white hawk eagle (Spizaetus melanoleucus) Ornate hawk eagle (Spizaetus ornatus) Grey-lined hawk (Buteo nitidus) Short-tailed hawk (Buteo brachyurus) Zone-tailed hawk (Buteo albonotatus)
Barn owls Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae American barn owl (Tyto furcata)
Owls Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae Tropical screech owl (Megascops choliba) Spectacled owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata) Great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) Black-banded owl (Strix huhula) Striped owl (Asio clamator)