The 12th federal electoral district of Guanajuato () is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 15 such districts in the state of Guanajuato.
It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the second region.
Suspended in 1930, Guanajuato's 12th was re-established as part of the 1977 political reforms. The restored district returned its first deputy in the 1979 mid-term election.
The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is María Magdalena Rosales Cruz of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).
District territory Under the 2023 districting plan adopted by the National Electoral Institute (INE), which is to be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections, Guanajuato's 12th district covers 216 electoral precincts () in the municipality of Celaya.
The head town (), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of Celaya. The district reported a population of 432,575 in the 2020 census.
Previous districting schemes + Evolution of electoral district numbers 1974 1978 1996 2005 2017 2023 Guanajuato 9 13 15 14 15 15 Chamber of Deputies 196 300Sources:
2017–2022 Between 2017 and 2022, the 12th district had the same configuration as in the 2023 plan.
2005–2017 Under the 2005 plan, Guanajuato had only 14 districts. This district's head town was at Celaya and it covered 188 precincts in the north and south-east of the municipality. The link contains maps of the 2005 and 1996 schemes.
1996–2005 In the 1996 scheme, under which Guanajuato was assigned 15 seats, the district had its head town at Celaya and it comprised the whole of the municipality.
1978–1996 The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Guanajuato's seat allocation rose from 9 to 13. The new 12th district covered five municipalities in the south of the state: Moroleón, Santiago Maravatío, Uriangato, Valle de Santiago (head town) and Yuriria.
Deputies returned to Congress
+ Guanajuato's 12th district Election Deputy Party Term LegislatureFrancisco Díaz Barriga1916–1917Constituent Congressof Querétaro ... The 12th district was suspended between 1930 and 19791979Raúl Moreno Mújica1979–198251st Congress1982Sergio Lara Espinoza1982–198552nd Congress1985Mario Murillo Morales1985–198853rd Congress1988Jorge García Henaine1988–199154th Congress1991José Guadalupe Enríquez Magaña1991–199455th Congress1994Lorenzo Chávez Zavala1994–199756th Congress1997José de Jesús Torres León1997–200057th Congress2000Javier Bernardo Usabiaga ArroyoJosé Rivera Carranza2000–200358th Congress2003Elizabeth Oswelia Yáñez Robles2003–200659th Congress2006Rubí Laura López Silva2006–200960th Congress2009Martín Rico Jiménez2009–201261st Congress2012Felipe Arturo Camarena García2012–201562nd Congress2015Adriana Elizarraraz Sandoval2015–201863rd Congress20182018–202164th Congress20212021–202465th Congress2024María Magdalena Rosales Cruz2024–202766th Congress
Presidential elections + Guanajuato's 12th district Election District won by Party or coalition % 2018Ricardo Anaya Cortés Por México al Frente37.88232024Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo Sigamos Haciendo Historia 48.8831
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