Nikolai Dmitriev or Nikolay Dmitriyev () may refer to:
Nikolai Dmitriev (composer) (1829–1893), Russian pianist and composer Nikolai Dmitriev (linguist) (1898–1954), Soviet linguist Nikolai Dmitriev-Orenburgsky (1838–1898), born Nikolai Dmitrievich Dmitriev, Russian painter Nikolay Kashkin (1839–1920), a pseudonym