The Battle of Şiran was a military engagement between a coalition of Turkish states and the Byzantines in the region of Şiran. The Turks were victorious in the battle. Background During the years of 1118-1119, there was a regional conflict between the Danishmendids and the House of Mengüjek. The ruler of the Mengüjek emirate, Ishaq ibn Mengüjek, began expanding against the Danishmendids and Artuqids. This conflict resulted in Seljuk chiefs seeking truce or alliances with the Crusader states to deal with Ibn Mengüjek. The bey of Artuqids, Belek Ghazi, and the Seljuk chief, Tughril Arslan, joined together against Ibn Mengüjek. The two commanders also made an alliance with Emir Gazi, ruler of the Danishmendids. Seeing that he could not resist this joint attack, Ibn Mengüjek escaped and took refuge in Trabzon, which was under Byzantine control. The governor of Trabzon, Constantine Gabras, agreed to help the emir against his enemies.Alexander Daniel Beihammer, p. 377Osman TuranYaşar Bedirhan, P. 87Anthony Bryer, P. 177 Battle In the year 1120, the opposing armies advanced towards each other. The opposing armies met in the region of Şiran. The battle ended with the victory of the Turkish coalition against the Byzantine army. The Byzantines lost 5,000 killed or captured during the battle. Both Constantine and Ibn Mengüjek fell prisoner.Alexander Daniel Beihammer, p. 377Osman TuranYaşar Bedirhan, P. 87Anthony Bryer, P. 177 Aftermath Constantine ransomed himself for 30,000 dinars and was released, while Ibn Mengüjek was reconciled with Emir Gazi since both had family ties. Seeing this, Belek and Tughril felt disappointed by this reconciliation, as they hoped they would impose a humiliating peace treaty on him, thus preventing them from exploiting their victory, which soured relations between Belek and Emir Gazi.Alexander Daniel Beihammer, p. 377Osman TuranYaşar Bedirhan, P. 87Anthony Bryer, P. 177 The battle also resulted in the final loss of Niksar to the Danishmendids.Anthony Bryer, P. 177 References
Sources Alexander Daniel Beihammer (2017), Byzantium and the Emergence of Muslim-Turkish Anatolia, Ca. 1040-1130.
Anthony Bryer (1980), The Empire of Trebizond and the Pontos.
Osman Turan (2013), History of Eastern Anatolian Turkish States (In Turkish).
Yaşar Bedirhan (2022), History of the Seljuk State of Türkiye (In Turkish).