List of trees of Quebec

This list catalogs the trees in Quebec. It includes 140 tree species, of which 99 are native, 40 are introduced, and one is extirpated, the Smooth sumac.

The list is based on two sources: Trees of Canada, 2017 by John Laird Farrar and VASCAN, the Database of Vascular Plants of Canada.L. Brouillet, F. Coursol, S.J. Meades, M. Favreau, M. Anions, P. Bélisle and P. Desmet, Canadensys, « [https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/search?lang=fr] », 2010+ (consulted 1 juin 2020) For each species, the binomial name is given followed by the author citation, the common name, and its status in the province: native, introduced, or extirpated. The common names and status come from VASCAN. The status – native or introduced – specifically concerns the territory of Quebec: a species may be introduced or naturalized in the province but native elsewhere in Canada.

Order Pinales

Family Cupressaceae

Juniperus communis (L.), 1753 / Common Juniper / Native Juniperus horizontalis (Moench), 1794 / Creeping Juniper / Native Juniperus virginiana (L.), 1753 / Eastern Red Cedar / Native Thuja occidentalis (L.), 1753 / Eastern White Cedar / Native

Family Pinaceae

Pinus strobus (L.), 1753 / Eastern white pine / native Pinus rigida (Mill.), 1768 / Pitch Pine / Native Pinus resinosa (Aiton), 1789 / Red Pine / Native Pinus banksiana (Lamb.), 1803 / Jack Pine / Native Pinus sylvestris (L.), 1753 / Scots Pine / Introduced Pinus nigra R. (Legay), 1785 / Austrian Pine / Introduced Pinus mugo Turra, 1764 / Mountain Pine / Introduced Larix laricina (Du Roi) K.Koch, 1873 / Tamarack / Native Larix decidua Mill., 1768 / European Larch / Introduced Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., 1768 / Balsam Fir / Native Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, 1907 / White Spruce / Native Picea rubens (Sarg.), 1898 / Red Spruce / Native Picea mariana Mill.,Briton, Sterns & Poggenburg / Black Spruce / Native Picea abies (L.) H. Karst, 1881 / Norway Spruce / Introduced Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, 1855 / Eastern Hemlock / Native Taxus canadensis (Marshall), 1785 / Canada Yew / Native

Order Sapindales

Family Sapindaceae

Acer saccharum (Marsh.), 1785 / Sugar Maple / Native Acer nigrum (L.), 1753 / Black Maple / Native Acer rubrum (L.), 1753 / Red Maple / Native Acer saccharinum (L.), 1753 / Silver Maple / Native Acer negundo (L.), 1753 / Manitoba Maple / Introduced Acer spicatum Lam. / Mountain Maple / Native Acer pensylvanicum (L.), 1753 / Striped Maple / Native Acer platanoides (L.), 1753 / Norway Maple / Introduced Acer ginnala (Maxim.) Wesm., 1890 / Amur Maple / Introduced Aesculus hippocastanum (L.), 1753 / Horse Chestnut / Introduced Phellodendron amurense (Rupr.), 1857 / Amur Cork Tree / Introduced

Family Rutaceae

Zanthoxylum americanum Mill., 1768 / Northern Prickly Ash / Native Ptelea trifoliata (L.), 1753 / Hop Tree / Introduced

Family Anacardiaceae

Rhus glabra L. / Smooth Sumac / Extirpated Rhus typhina L., 1756 / Staghorn Sumac / Native Toxicodendron vernix Stokes F.Barkley / Poison Sumac / Native

Family Simaroubaceae

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, 1916 / Tree of Heaven / Introduced

Order Lamiales or Scrophulariales

Family Oleaceae

Fraxinus americana (L.), 1753 / White Ash / Native Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Marshall) / Red Ash / Native Fraxinus nigra Marshall, 1785 / Black Ash / Native Syringa vulgaris Linné, 1753 / Common Lilac / Introduced

Order Dipsacales

Family Caprifoliaceae

Sambucus canadensis L., 1753 / American Elder / Native Sambucus racemosa L., 1753 / Red Elder / Native Viburnum lentago L., 1753 / Nannyberry / Native Viburnum opulus L., 1753 / European Cranberry Bush / Introduced Viburnum lantana L., 1753 / Wayfaring Tree / Introduced Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf., 1808 / Squashberry / Native Viburnum trilobum Marshall / American Cranberrybush / Native

Order Cornales

Family Cornaceae

Cornus alternifolia L., 1758 / Alternate-leaved Dogwood / Native

Order Celastrales

Family Celastraceae

Euonymus europaeus L. 1753 / European Spindle / Introduced Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold / Winged Spindle / Introduced

Order Gentianales

Family Rubiaceae

Cephalanthus occidentalis L., 1753 / Buttonbush / Native

Order Rosales

Family Elaeagnaceae

Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt., 1818 / Silver Buffaloberry / Introduced Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. / Canada Buffaloberry / Native Hippophae rhamnoides L., 1753 / Sea Buckthorn / Introduced Elaeagnus angustifolia L., 1753 / Russian Olive / Introduced Elaeagnus commutata Bernhardi ex Rydberg, 1917 / Silverberry / Native

Family Rosaceae

Sorbus decora C.K.Schneid. / Showy Mountain Ash / Native Sorbus americana Marsh., 1785 / American mountain ash / Native Sorbus aucuparia L., 1753 / European Mountain Ash / Introduced Amelanchier arborea (F.Michx.) Fernald, 1941 / Downy Serviceberry / Native Amelanchier laevis Wiegand, 1912 / Smooth Serviceberry / Native Amelanchier sanguinea (Pursh) DC., 1825 / Roundleaf Serviceberry / Native Amelanchier bartramiana (Tausch) M.Roem., 1847 / Bartram's Serviceberry / Native Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. 1768 / European Crab Apple / Introduced Prunus cerasus L., 1753 / Sour Cherry / Introduced Prunus pensylvanica L.f., 1782 / Pin Cherry / Native Prunus serotina Ehrh., 1788 / Black Cherry / Native Prunus virginiana L., 1753 / Choke Cherry / Native Prunus nigra Aiton, 1789 / Canada Plum / Native Prunus americana Marshall, 1785 / American Plum / Introduced Crataegus chrysocarpa Ashe, 1900 / Fireberry Hawthorn / Native Crataegus punctata Jacq. / Dotted Hawthorn / Native Crataegus mollis (Torr. & A.Gray) Scheele, 1848 / Downy Hawthorn / Native Crataegus crus-galli L., 1753 / Cockspur Hawthorn / Native Crataegus coccinea L., 1753 / Scarlet Hawthorn / Native Crataegus succulenta ader (Schrad. ex Link / Fleshy Hawthorn / Native Crataegus flabellata (Bosc ex Spach) Rydb. / Fanleaf Hawthorn / Native Crataegus monogyna Jacq., 1775 / Common Hawthorn / Introduced

Order Juglandales

Family Juglandaceae

Juglans cinerea (L.), 1759 / Butternut / Native Juglans nigra (L.), 1753 / Black Walnut / Introduced Carya ovata (Mill.) K.Koch, 1869 / Shagbark Hickory / Native Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K.Koch, 1869 / Bitternut Hickory / Native

Order Fabales

Family Fabaceae

Robinia pseudoacacia (L.), 1753 / Black Locust / Introduced Caragana arborescens (Fabr.) / Siberian Pea Shrub / Introduced

Order Urticales

Family Moraceae

Morus alba (L.), 1753 / White Mulberry / Introduced

Family Ulmaceae

Ulmus americana L., 1753 / American elm / Native Ulmus thomasii Sarg., 1902 / Rock Elm / Native Ulmus rubra Muhl., 1793 / Slippery Elm / Native Ulmus pumila L. / Siberian Elm / Introduced Celtis occidentalis L., (1753) / Hackberry / Native

Order Hamamelidales

Family Platanaceae

Platanus occidentalis (L.), 1753 / American Sycamore / Native

Order Fagales

Family Fagaceae

Quercus rubra L., 1753 / Northern Red Oak / Native Quercus alba L., 1753 / White Oak / Native Quercus macrocarpa Michx. / Bur Oak / Native Quercus bicolor Willd., 1801 / Swamp White Oak / Native Fagus grandifolia Ehrh., 1788 / American Beech / Native

Family Betulaceae

Betula papyrifera Marshall, 1785 / Paper Birch / Native Betula cordifolia Regel, 1861 / Mountain Paper Birch / Native Betula xcaerulea-grandis Blanchard / Blueleaf Birch / Native Betula populifolia Marshall, 1785 / Gray Birch / Native Betula alleghaniensis Britton, 1904 / Yellow Birch / Native Alnus incana (L.) Moench 1794 / Speckled Alder / Native Alnus viridis subsp. crispa (Aiton) Raus / Green Alder / Native Alnus serrulata (Aiton) Willd. / Smooth Alder / Native Carpinus caroliniana Walter, 1788 / American Hornbeam / Native Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K.Koch / Eastern Hophornbeam / Native Corylus cornuta Marshall, 1785 / Beaked Hazelnut / Native Corylus americana Marshall, 1785 / American Hazelnut / Native

Order Hamamelidales

Family Hamamelidaceae

Hamamelis virginiana (L.), 1753 / American Witch Hazel / Native

Order Celastrales

Family Aquifoliaceae

Ilex verticillata (L.) A.Gray / Winterberry / Native Ilex mucronata (L.) M.Powell, Savol. & S.Andrews, 2000 / Mountain Holly / Native

Order Rhamnales

Family Rhamnaceae

Rhamnus cathartica (L.), 1753 / Common Buckthorn / Introduced Frangula alnus (Mill.), 1768 / Glossy Buckthorn / Introduced

Order Malvales

Family Tiliaceae

Tilia americana (L.), 1753 / American Basswood / Native

Order Salicales

Family Salicaceae

Salix amygdaloides Andersson / Peachleaf Willow / Native Salix bebbiana Sarg., 1895 / Bebb Willow / Native Salix arbusculoides Andersson / Little Tree Willow / Native Salix discolor Muhl. / Pussy Willow / Native Salix pyrifolia Andersson / Balsam Willow / Native Salix lucida var. lucida Muhl. / Shining Willow / Native Salix pentandra L. / Bay Willow / Introduced Salix nigra Marshall, 1785 / Black Willow / Native Salix fragilis L., 1753 / Crack Willow / Introduced Salix alba L., 1753 / White Willow / Introduced Salix alaxensis Andersson, Coville / Felt-leaf Willow / Native Salix petiolaris Sm. / Meadow Willow / Native Salix eriocephala Michx., 1803 / Missouri Willow / Native Salix pellita Anders. 1891 / Satiny Willow / Native Salix viminalis L., 1753 / Basket Willow / Introduced Salix purpurea L., 1753 / Purple Willow / Introduced Salix daphnoides Vill. 1779 / European Violet Willow / Introduced Populus balsamifera L., 1753 / Balsam Poplar / Native Populus ×jackii Sarg. / Jack's Hybrid Poplar / Native Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall, 1785 / Eastern Cottonwood / Native Populus tremuloides Michx., 1803 / Quaking Aspen / Native Populus grandidentata Michx., 1803 / Bigtooth Aspen / Native Populus nigra L., 1753 / Black Poplar / Introduced Populus alba L., 1753 / White Poplar / Introduced Populus ×canadensis Moench, 1785 / Carolina Poplar / Native

References

This article has been partially or totally translated from the French-language article Liste des arbres au Québec.

List of trees of Quebec

Bron en licentie