Dehydroabietic acid is a naturally occurring abietane-type diterpenoid resin acid, which is found in coniferous trees. It actually is the main component of rosin. This acid has several industrial applications because of its chemical properties.
Chemical properties Dehydroabietic acid has a molecular formula of C20H28O2 and also, a M.W. of 300.44 g/mol. It is a white to grey colored solid, having a melting point of 150–153 °C and a boiling point of ca. 390 °C. The compound is not soluble to water, but is highly soluble in ethanol and acetone.
Biological activity It exhibits a range of biological activities, which among others, include:
Anti-inflammatory activity: Acts as a dual activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma (PPAR α/γ).
Antimicrobial activity: Demonstrates antibacterial properties against multidrug-resistant strains.
Anticancer activity: Certain derivatives of this compound have the potential to be used as anticancer agents.
Applications Due to its high bioactivity, dehydroabietic acid is used today as a key compound for developing anti-inflammatory and anticancer drugs. In the industry, it is utilised in the synthesis of varnishes and adhesives. In the papermaking, it is also used as an additive.
Dehydroabietic acid should be always handled with care. It can be harmful if swallowed and can cause skin and eye irritation.
See also Secodehydroabietic acid
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