Masticadienolic acid is a naturally occurring terpenoid compound found in the resin of the mastic tree (Pistacia lentiscus), particularly in the variety cultivated on the Greek island of Chios. Chemically, it is a tirucallane-type tetracyclic triterpenoid based on its structural characteristics and biosynthetic origin. It is structurally related strongly to masticadienonic acid, differing by the presence of a hydroxyl group, which may influence its biological activity.
Occurrence Masticadienolic acid is one of the major constituents of mastic gum, a natural resin exuded from the bark of Pistacia lentiscus. The resin has been used for its medicinal properties.
Structure and biological activity This natural product contains a lanostane-type skeleton with a carboxylic acid group and also a hydroxyl group. It is actually a pentacyclic triterpenoid, and it is biosynthesized via the mevalonate pathway in the plants.
Research indicates that masticadienolic acid exhibits several biological activities,Giner-Larza EM, Máñez S, Giner RM, et al. Anti-inflammatory triterpenes from Pistacia terebinthus galls. Planta Medica. 2002;68(4):311–315. doi:10.1055/s-2002-26749. such as anti-inflammatory properties, and antioxidant effects against oxidative stress.
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