India is home to more than 40 endemic mammals.
Most of India’s endemic mammals are restricted to specialized habitats such as the Western Ghats, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and isolated forest fragments.
Endemic mammals Most endemic mammals are small or habitat‐specialist species that are rarely seen. Low vulnerabilityThreatenedLeast concernNear threatenedVulnerableEndangered
Order Primates: primates NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Cercopithecidae: Old World monkeysLion-tailed macaque Macaca silenus(Linnaeus, 1758) Bonnet macaque Macaca radiata(É. Geoffroy, 1812) Nilgiri langur Trachypithecus johnii(Fischer, 1829) Southern plains gray langur Semnopithecus dussumieri(I. Geoffroy, 1843) Black-footed gray langur Semnopithecus hypoleucos(Blyth, 1841) Order Rodentia: rodents NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Muridae: mice and ratsElvira rat Cremnomys elvira(Ellerman, 1946) Manipur bush rat Hadromys humei(Thomas, 1886) Kondana soft-furred rat Millardia kondana(Mishra & Dhanda, 1975) Servent mouse Mus famulus(Bonhote, 1898) Phillips's mouse Mus phillipsi(Agrawal, 1977) Flat-haired mouse Mus platythrix(Bennett, 1832) Nicobar rat Rattus burrus(Miller, 1902) Car Nicobar rat Rattus palmarum(Zelebor, 1869) Kerala rat Rattus ranjiniae(Agrawal & Ghosal, 1969) Sahyadris forest rat Rattus satarae(Hinton, 1918) Andaman rat Rattus stoicus(Miller, 1902) Nilgiri long-tailed tree mouse Vandeleuria nilagiricus(Jerdon, 1867) Family Platacanthomyidae: spiny dormiceMalabar spiny dormouse Platacanthomys lasiurus(Gray, 1842) Family Sciuridae: squirrelsJungle palm squirrel Funambulus tristriatus(Waterhouse, 1837) Nilgiri striped squirrel Funambulus sublineatus(Waterhouse, 1837) Indian giant squirrel Ratufa indica(Erxleben, 1777) Mechuka giant flying squirrel Petaurista mechukaensis(Choudhury, 2009) Mishmi giant flying squirrel Petaurista mishmiensis(Choudhury, 2009) Mebo giant flying squirrel Petaurista siangensis(Choudhury, 2013) Namdapha flying squirrel Biswamoyopterus biswasi(Saha, 1981)
Order Scandentia: treeshrews NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Tupaiidae: treeshrewsMadras treeshrew Anathana ellioti(Waterhouse, 1838) Nicobar treeshrew Tupaia nicobarica(Miller, 1902)
Order Chiroptera: bats NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Pteropodidae: fruit batsNicobar flying fox Pteropus faunulus(Miller, 1902) Family Hipposideridae: leaf-nosed batsNicobar leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros nicobarulae(Miller, 1902) Kolar leaf-nosed bat Hipposideros hypophyllus(Kock & Bhat, 1994) Family Rhinolophidae: horseshoe batsAndaman horseshoe bat Rhinolophus cognatus(Andersen, 1906) Family Miniopteridae: bent-winged batsSrinivasulu’s bent-winged bat Miniopterus srinii(Bhat et al., 2023) Family Vespertilionidae: vesper batsMeghalaya thick-thumbed bat Glischropus meghalayanus(Borissov et al., 2022)
Order Eulipotyphla: shrews and hedgehogs NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Soricidae: shrewsNarcondam shrew Crocidura narcondamica(Prakasan et al., 2018) Nicobar shrew Crocidura nicobarica(Tyler, 1947) Andaman shrew Crocidura andamanensis(Miller, 1946) Day's shrew Suncus dayi(Dobson, 1888) Andaman spiny shrew Crocidura hispida(Thomas, 1913) Jenkins's shrew Crocidura jenkinsi(Chakraborty, 1978) Family Erinaceidae: hedgehogsMadras hedgehog Paraechinus nudiventris(Horsfield, 1851)
Order Carnivora: carnivorans NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Felidae: catsAsiatic lion Panthera leo persica(Meyer, 1826) Family Mustelidae: martensNilgiri marten Martes gwatkinsii(Horsfield, 1851) Family Viverridae: civetsBrown palm civet Paradoxurus jerdoni(Blanford, 1885) Malabar civet Viverra civettina(Blyth, 1862)
Order Artiodactyla: even-toed ungulates NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Bovidae: antelopesNilgiri tahr Nilgiritragus hylocrius(Ogilby, 1838) Family Cervidae: deerKashmir stag Cervus hanglu hanglu(Wagner, 1844) Sub Order Suiformes: pigs NameSpecies authorityRed List Family Suidae: pigsPygmy hog Porcula salvania(Hodgson, 1847)
See also Fauna of India List of endemic birds of India
References