The () is a Tenrikyo religious text. The text consists of 160 waka poems about the Tenrikyo creation myth promulgated by Nakayama Miki, the founder of the Tenrikyo religion. It was compiled in 1881 by Yamazawa Ryōsuke (山沢良助; also known as Ryōjirō), one of Nakayama Miki's close followers, and is also known as the ().
Like the Ofudesaki and Mikagura-uta, the Doroumi Kōki is mostly written using hiragana rather than kanji.
Canonical status The Doroumi Kōki is the best known and most widely used Tenrikyo kōki (古記); there are also various other kōki texts that were composed from 1881 up until Nakayama Miki's death in 1887, including Nakayama Shinnosuke's 1881 kōki and Kita (喜多)'s 1881 kōki. None of the kōki texts are part of the three basic scriptures (sangenten 三原典) of Tenrikyo, which consist of the Ofudesaki ("The Tip of the Writing Brush"), the Mikagura-uta ("The Songs for the Service"), and the Osashizu ("Divine Directions"). As a result, today it is rarely read by Tenrikyo followers. However, in Honmichi, a Tenrikyo splinter religion, the Doroumi Kōki is used as a canonical scripture. Honbushin, which split from Honmichi in 1961, uses the Doroumi Kōki in supporting its claim that its founder was the reincarnation of Nakayama Miki.
History During the 1880s, Nakayama Miki asked some of her followers to write down her teachings. Various poetry texts were composed by her followers, but Nakayama Miki did not end up approving any of them as official scriptures. The Doroumi Kōki, composed by Yamazawa Ryōsuke (山沢良助), was among those texts.
Since the Doroumi Kōki'''s creation myth conflicted with that of the official State Shinto version promulgated by the government, copies of the text were collected and burned, as the text implicitly challenged the emperor's divinity. The text was never given official status by the Tenrikyo Church Headquarters after World War II, and it remains obscure and relatively unknown today.
Outline Outline of the Doroumi Kōki:Verses 1–49: Story of CreationVerses 5–42: Locating instruments and modelsVerses 7–16: Izanagi and TsukiyomiVerses 17–31: Izanami and KunisazuchiVerses 32–33: TsukiyomiVerses 34–35: KumoyomiVerses 36–37: KashikoneVerses 38–40: TaishokutenVerses 41–42: ŌtonobeVerses 43–49: The process of creationVerses 50–56: A thing lent, a thing borrowedVerses 57–60: JibaVerses 61–96: Continuation of the Story of CreationVerses 97–108: Grant of Safe Childbirth (Ura-shugo 裏守護)Verses 109–120: Illness and dustVerses 121–133: Tsuki-Hi's protectionVerses 134–143: Directions and ura-shugoVerses 144–150: The advent of various forms of salvationVerses 151–160/161: Passing away for rebirth and purifying the mind
Birth of Tamahime Verses in the Doroumi Kōki (泥海古記) were also consulted by Ōnishi Aijirō, the founder of the Honmichi religion, to prophesize the reincarnations of Nakayama Miki and her family members, as explained in Forbes (2005):
The original text of Doroumi Kōki verse 30 is: ことしから三十年たちたなら / kotoshi kara sanjū nen tachita naraはたまひめのもとのやしきへ / na wa tama hime no moto no yashiki eWith additional kanji, it can be written as: 今年から三十年経ちたなら 名は玉姫の元の屋敷へ
As listed in Fukaya (1983: 3), the innen () of the souls of various individuals in the Doroumi Kōki are as follows:Fukaya, Tadamasa 深谷忠政 (1983). A Doctrinal Study: The Truth of Origin (Tenrikyo Overseas Mission Department, Trans.). Tenri, Japan. p. 3. (Japanese title: 教理研究 元の理)
Person Age as of 1881 Divine Aspect Oyasama 84 Izanami Maegawa Kikutarō 16 Izanagi Tamahime to be born in 30 years Kunisazuchi Nakayama Shūji 61 Tsukiyomi Nakayama Tamae (wife of Shinnosuke) 5 Kumoyomi Iburi Masajin (first son of Iburi Izō) 8 Kashikone Nakayama Matsue 32 Taishokuten Nakayama Shinnosuke 16 Ōtonobe
Directions In the Doroumi Kōki, the east is associated with three female kami, while the west is associated with three male kami. Unusually for a Tenrikyo text, the equivalent deities in Japanese Buddhism are also given in the Doroumi Kōki, whereas all other Tenrikyo texts almost always exclude mentioning Buddhist deities. Note that the rōmaji transliterations below are from the Doroumi Kōki, which are sometimes not the same as the standard Japanese pronunciations.
Direction Kami Associated Buddhist deities (female) the , , and (male) the and (female) the , the , , and (male) , and (female) the , , , , , and (male) and
Modern versions and reprintings After World War II, content from the Doroumi Kōki was summarized and synthesized in Tenrikyo books about the creation such as (English edition: The Truth of Origin)Fukaya, Tadamasa 深谷忠政 (1983). A Doctrinal Study: The Truth of Origin (Tenrikyo Overseas Mission Department, Trans.). Tenri, Japan. (Japanese title: 教理研究 元の理) and (English edition: Insights into the Story of Creation).Ueda, Yoshinaru 上田嘉成 (1974). Insights into the Story of Creation (Tenrikyo Overseas Mission Department, Trans.). Tenri, Japan. (Japanese title: 元初まりの話) However, the books do not explicitly mention or cite the Doroumi Kōki, but rather the Ofudesaki.
The Doroumi Kōki is not widely circulated today and has only been occasionally reprinted after World War II. The text (with 161 verses instead of the usual 160 published in other sources) has been reproduced with kanji glosses in a 1957 study of the kōki by Nakayama ShōzenNakayama, Shōzen (1957). Kōki no kenkyū / こふきの研究 [Study of the Kōki]. Tenri, Japan: Tenrikyo Doyusha. and in an appendix in Murakami (1974). A reprint of a 1946 commentary on the Doroumi Kōki by Matsumura Kichitarō (松村吉太郎) was also published in 2016.Doroumi Kōki shishō / 泥海古記指掌. Hachiman shoten / 八幡書店. .
See also Japanese creation myth Tenrikyo creation mythKojikiNihon Shoki''
References
External links
Doroumi Kōki (泥海古記) (1928) at Wikimedia Commons (The poem itself is on pp. 81–113 in the book under the section 日本の古記 (にほんこうき), or pp. 47–63 of the PDF file.) Doroumi Kōki (泥海古記) (1928) at the Japanese Wikisource Ryōsuke Yamazawa's 1881 Doroumi Kōki from Tenrikyo Resource Wiki (full original text, transliteration, and English translation) List of known Kōki manuscripts from Tenrikyo Resource Wiki 1881 Kōki manuscript by Shinnosuke Nakayama from Tenrikyo Resource Wiki 1881 Kōki manuscript by Kita (喜多) from Tenrikyo Resource Wiki