This is a list of reverse zoonotic diseases, infectious diseases that have been reported to jump from a human to a non-human animal.
+Causative pathogen key Virus Bacteria Parasite Fungi
DiseaseInformation in this table is largely compiled from: Pathogens Animals affected Mode of transmission Transmission occurrences African trypanosomiasis (African sleeping sickness) Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense wildlife, livestock bite of the tsetse fly Natural transmission cycle in African trypanosomiasis-endemic areas. Avian influenza Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 livestock, companion animals, wildlife direct contact, fomites, oral route, aerosols, inoculation Livestock farms, households, veterinary hospitals, slaughterhouse, veterinary laboratories in Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Norway, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam. COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 companion animals, ferrets, livestock aerosols, inoculation Susceptibility studies in the Netherlands and China. Dengue fever Dengue virus primates mosquito bite (primarily by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) Natural transmission cycle in Dengue-endemic areas. Giardiasis Giardia duodenalis wildlife, livestock direct contact, oral route National parks in Uganda. Livestock farms in Canada. Wildlife in Ghana. Zoos in Australia, Namibia, Zambia. Hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus domestic and wild animals contaminated food or water Wildlife and commercially sold laboratory animals in United States. Human herpesvirus 1 infection Herpes simplex virus 1 companion animals and wildlife direct contact, fomites, aerosols Several reports of human to primate transmission. Human herpesvirus 4 infection Epstein–Barr virus companion animals and wildlife direct contact, fomites, aerosols Several reports of human to dogs and rodents transmission. Human metapneumovirus infection Human metapneumovirus primates direct contact, aerosols National Park in Tanzania. Microsporidiosis Encephalitozoon intestinalis wildlife direct contact, oral route National park in Uganda. MRSA infection Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus livestock, companion animals direct contact, fomites, oral route Veterinary hospitals, slaughterhouses, households. Norovirus infection (Norwalk virus infection, winter vomiting disease) Norovirus companion animals direct contact, indirect contact via contaminated surfaces, food, or water shared between humans and animals Households in Thailand. ORSA infection Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus livestock unclear (evidence of human origin confirmed by phylogenetic analysis) Livestock facility in Taiwan. Tuberculosis Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis wildlife, companion animals, livestock direct contact, oral route, aerosols Zoos, veterinary hospitals, slaughterhouses in South Africa, United States, India, Ethiopia.
See also Zoonosis Reverse zoonosis Spillover infection Wildlife disease Veterinary medicine Wildlife smuggling and zoonoses List of zoonotic primate viruses List of zoonotic diseases
References