This is a list of military conflicts, that United States has been involved in the 19th century from 1801 to 1850.
For the criteria of what may be permitted on this list, see Lists of wars involving the United States.
Key
19th-century wars
ConflictAlliesOpponent(s)ResultPresident(s) First Barbary War(1801–1805)Part of the Barbary WarsLocation: Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Tripoli Kingdom of Sicily Malta Protectorate Sultanate of Morocco Ottoman Tripolitania Sultanate of Morocco US-allied victory Attacks on American shipping Crews taken prisoner for ransom Tripoli declares war on the US US Naval Blockade on Tripoli Raids and naval battles with Tripolitanian ships First Battle of Tripoli Harbor Second Battle of Tripoli Harbor Philadelphia and Intrepid blown up, Somers and James Decatur killed Marines and mercenaries led by William Eaton attack Derna Battle of Derna won by the US Tripoli surrenders Hostages releasedThomas Jefferson(March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809)Lewis and Clark Expedition(1804–1806) Location: Near the Marias River, MontanaBlackfeet NationUS victory Horse theft prevented Meriwether Lewis and his men escape Montana Blackfeet territory Army Corps of Discovery dissolvedThomas Jefferson(March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809)Chesapeake–Leopard affair(1807) Part of the events leading to the War of 1812
Location: off Norfolk, VirginiaBritish victory The USS Chesapeake was boarded and 4 of her crew impressed into British service. Heightened tensions between the British and the Americans President Jefferson later pushes forward the Embargo Act of 1807 in response to the affairThomas Jefferson(March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1809) Tecumseh's War(1810–1813)Part of the Seminole Wars and the War of 1812Location: Northwest River Ohio Tecumseh's Confederacy US victory Death of Tecumseh Dissolution of Tecumseh's confederacy Full annexation and further settlement of the Mid West Beginning of the border arrangements between United States and CanadaJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817)U.S. Annexation of the Republic of West Florida(1810) Part of Decline of Spain
Location: Modern day Florida Parishes, Louisiana (American filibusters)US victory US annexes West Florida James Madison proclaimed a specific interpretation of the Louisiana Purchase and Third Treaty of San Ildefonso to justify annexation as opposed to recognizing the territory as Spain'sJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817)Little Belt affair(1811) Part of the events leading to the War of 1812
Location: Off the North Carolina, Atlantic OceanUS victory Successful retaliation for the impressment of John Diggio captured onboard the USS Spitfire (1803) by the HMS Guerriere (1806) Heightened tensions between the British and the AmericansJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817)Battle of Woody Point(1811) Part of American Indian Wars and Maritime fur trade
Location: Clayoquot Sound, off Woody Point, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada Merchant MarinesNuu-chah-nulthInconclusive/Other Result All the crew killed or captured and killed except one Tonquin exploded in a suicide bombing by a critically injured crewman 61-200 Natives killed and failed to capture any supplies on the TonquinJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817)Patriot War (Florida)(1812–1814) Part of War of 1812, Decline of Spain, the American Indian Wars, and Seminole Wars
Location: Amelia Island, Spanish East Florida (Till 1813)Republic of East Florida (American filibusters, dubbed the Patriots) Spanish EmpireSeminoleSeminole MaroonsAmerican/Filibuster Defeat US abandon filibuster allies for fear of expanded conflict with Spain Buckner F. Harris killed Remaining filibusters abandon Republic of East FloridaJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817) War of 1812(1812–1815)Location: Eastern and Central North America Choctaw NationCherokee NationCreek Allies Baratarian Pirates led by Jean and Pierre Lafitte British North America The Canadas Swiss Mercenaries (The Regiment de Meuron and De Watteville's Regiment)
Tecumseh's Confederacy Spanish Empire (1814) Inconclusive/Other Result Treaty of Ghent Military stalemate; both sides' invasion attempts repulsed Status quo ante bellum Tecumseh's Confederacy Disbanded York sacked by American troops, destroying the original Canadian parliament. Commonwealth troops commit the burning of Washington including the White House and the Capitol Spanish control over West Florida weakened and Mobile comes under American controlJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817) Creek War(1813–1814)Part of the American Indian Wars and the War of 1812Location: Southern United States Lower CreeksCherokee NationChoctaw Nation Red Stick Creek Supported by:
Tecumseh's Confederacy US-allied victory Treaty of Fort Jackson Red Sticks cede land in the states of Georgia and Alabama Surviving Red Sticks fled to Spanish FloridaJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817)Nuku Hiva Campaign(1813–1814) Part of the War of 1812 Location: Nuku Hiva, Marquesas IslandsTai Pi Happah (October 1813)
Te I'i (May 1814)US tactical victory Tai Pis and Happahs defeated Polynesian strategic victory Fort Madison destroyed and Nuku Hiva abandoned by May 1814James Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817)West Indies anti-piracy operations of the United States(1814–1825) Part of Piracy in the Caribbean
Location: West Indies, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico Caribbean PiratesUS-allied victory With the Capture of the sloop Anne and the trial and arrest and execution of Roberto Cofresí classical Caribbean piracy endedJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817) James Monroe(March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825)
John Quincy Adams(March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829) Second Barbary War(1815)Part of the Barbary WarsLocation: Mediterranean Sea and the Barbary States Deylik of Algiers US victory End of yearly American tribute to the Barbary states Algiers pays $10,000 to compensate for enslaved citizens and releases American captives Treaties with Tunis and Tripoli force them to release European captives and respect American shipping Further decline of Barbary pirate raids, fully concluded with the French Invasion of AlgiersJames Madison(March 4, 1809 – March 4, 1817)U.S. Conquest of the Republic of the Floridas during the Amelia Island Affair(1817) Part of the Decline of Spain and the Atlantic Revolutions
Location: Amelia Island, Florida (Insurgent privateer filibusters for the Patriot governments of Venezuela and New Granada)US victory US annexes Amelia IslandJames Monroe(March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825) First Seminole War(1817–1818)Part of the Seminole Wars, the Decline of Spain, and the American Indian WarsLocation: Pensacola, Spanish Florida Seminole
Spanish Florida US victory Spain cedes Spanish Florida to the United States in the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819 The United States forcibly relocates Seminole in northern Florida to a reservation in the center of the peninsula in the Treaty of Moultrie Creek of 1823James Monroe(March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825)Callao affair(1820) Part of Peruvian War of Independence
Location: Callao, Peru, Pacific OceanUS defeat Several Naval and Merchant Marine ships damaged A few Sailors killed and wounded Several American and British civilians robbed and escaped on the USS Macedonian as refugees No significant response from the USA Joaquín de la Pezuela the commander of the Spanish promised to punish the attackersJames Monroe(March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825) Arikara War(1823)Part of the American Indian WarsLocation: Missouri River Sioux Arikara Inconclusive/Other Result White Peace treaty agreed by US Col LeavenworthSerial 89, 18th Congress, 1st Session, Senate Document No. 1, p. 95James Monroe(March 4, 1817 – March 4, 1825)Aegean Sea anti-piracy operations of the United States(1825–1828) Part of the Greek War of Independence
Location: Aegean Sea, Greece Greek PiratesUS victory Pirate Threat EliminatedJohn Quincy Adams(March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829) Winnebago War(1827)Part of the American Indian WarsLocation: Illinois and Michigan Territory Choctaw Nation Prairie La Crosse Ho-Chunkswith a few allies US-allied victory Ho-Chunks cede lead mining region to the United StatesJohn Quincy Adams(March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1829)Falklands Expedition (1831–1832)
Part of the Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute
Location: Falkland IslandsUS victory Americans rescued Suspects captured Island evacuated Temporary severing of Argentina–United States relations Indirectly resulted in reassertion of British sovereignty over the Falkland IslandsAndrew Jackson(March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837)First Sumatran Expedition(1832) Part of the Sumatran expeditions
Location: Kuala Batee, Aceh Sultanate, Island of SumatraChiefdom of Kuala BateeUS victory Destruction of Kuala Batee US pepper trade temporarily secured for 6 yearsAndrew Jackson(March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837) Black Hawk War(1832)Part of the American Indian Wars and the Ute WarsLocation: Illinois and Michigan Territory Ho-ChunkMenomineeDakotaPotawatomi Black Hawk's British BandHo-Chunk and Potawatomi allies US-allied victory End of Native armed resistance to U.S. expansion in the Old Northwest Black Hawk Purchase (1832) The United States purchases Potawatomi land in the Treaty of Tippecanoe (1832) The United States purchases the rest of Potawatomi land west of the Mississippi River in the Treaty of Chicago (1833)Andrew Jackson(March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837) Second Seminole War(1835–1842)Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian WarsLocation: Florida, United States Seminole US victory Approximately 3,800 Seminoles transported to the Indian Territory Approximately 300 remain in EvergladesAndrew Jackson (March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837)
Martin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841)
William Henry Harrison (March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841)
John Tyler (April 4, 1841 – March 4, 1845)Texas Comanche Wars(1836–1875)Part of the Texas–Indian wars and the American Indian WarsLocation: South-central United States (Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Kansas, Colorado) and northern Mexico Comanche US victory Comanche natives forced into reservations at the Indian Territory after the final Comanche forces surrendered at Fort Sill American hunters exterminated most of the bison herds, taking away the Comanches primary source of food and clothing Multiple Comanche villages destroyed and horses slaughtered, causing Comanche warriors to be greatly weakened During the Civil War both Union and Confederate forces withdrew most of their troops to the east and left western forts across Texas and modern-day Oklahoma open to Comanche raids, letting them regroup and capture supplies, most notably at the Battle of Adobe Walls Andrew Jackson (March 4, 1829 – March 4, 1837)
Martin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841)
William Henry Harrison (March 4, 1841 – April 4, 1841)
John Tyler (April 4, 1841 – March 4, 1845)
James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 – March 4, 1849)
Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 – July 9, 1850)
Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853)
Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1857)
James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 – March 4, 1861)
Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865)
Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869)
Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1877)Patriot War(1838) Part of Rebellions of 1837–1838 and the Atlantic Revolutions
Location: The Great Lakes Basin of the Canada–United States border British Empire Republic of Canada Hunters' LodgeAnglo-American victory Act of Union 1840 Webster–Ashburton Treaty Unification of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada and democratic reforms to lessen social unrestMartin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 – March 4, 1841)Second Sumatran Expedition(1838) Part of the Sumatran expeditions
Location:Kuala Batee and Muckie, Aceh Sultanate, Island of Sumatra, Island of SumatraChiefdom of Kuala Batee Chiefdom of MuckieUS victory