List of fish of the Persian Gulf

This is a list of fish recorded from the Persian Gulf, a penetration of the Indian Ocean bordering Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and an exclave of the sultanate of Oman. This list is mostly based on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and comprises locally used common names, scientific names and its relationship with humans, if needed.

List ordering is phylogenetic and taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in Fishbase, however outdated taxa as the result of splits or renames of synonymy will be updated accordingly.

Cartilaginous fishes

Orectolobiformes - groundsharks Family Scientific name Common name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Rhincodontidae Rhincodon typus Whale shark Endangered Hemiscylliidae Chiloscyllium arabicum Arab carpetshark Near threatened Stegostomidae Stegostoma tigrinium Zebra shark Endangered Ginglymostomatidae Nebrius ferrugineus Tawny nurse shark Vulnerable

Lamniformes Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Carchariidae Carcharias taurus Sandtiger shark Critically endangered

Carcharhiniformes - Requiem sharks, hammerheads, weaselsharks, and allies Family Scientific name Common name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Triakidae Mustelus mosis Arab smooth-hound Near threatened Hemigaleidae Hemipristis elongata Snaggletooth shark Endangered Hemigaleidae Paragaleus longicaudatus Slender weaselshark Near threatened Hemigaleidae Chaenogaleus macrostoma Hooktooth shark Near threatened Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides Graceful shark Vulnerable Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus amboinensis Pigeyed shark Vulnerable Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus dussumieri White cheeked shark Endangered Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus leucas Bull shark Vulnerable Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus limbatus Common blacktip shark Vulnerable Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus brevipinna Spinner shark Vulnerable Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus melanopterus Black-tipped reef shark Vulnerable Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus plumbeus Sandbar shark Endangered Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus sorrah Spot-tail shark Yaryoor Widely fished Near threatened Carcharhinidae Rhizoprionodon acutus Milk shark Yaryoor Widely fished Vulnerable Carcharhinidae Loxodon macrorhinus Sliteye shark Yaryoor Moderate fishery Near threatened Galeocerdonidae Galeocerdo cuvier Tiger shark Near threatened Sphyrnidae Sphyrna mokarran Great hammerhead Widely fished Critically endangered Sphyrnidae Sphyrna lewini Thcalloped hammerhead Critically endangered

Torpedoniformes Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Narcinidae Narcine timlei Brown numbfish Vulnerable Torpedinidae Torpedo panthera Panther torpedo Endangered Torpedinidae Torpedo sinuspersici Persian gulf torpedo Data deficient

Rhinopristiformes - Skates, sawfish, and guitarfish Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Rhinidae Rhina ancylostoma Bowmouth guitarfish Critically endangered Rhinidae Rhynchobatus djiddensis Whitespotted wedgefish Critically endangered Rhinidae Rhynchobatus laevis Smoothnose wedgefish Critically endangered Rhinidae Rhinobatos punctifer Spotted guitarfish Near threatened Glaucostegidae Glaucostegus granulatus Giant sharpnose guitarfish Critically endangered Pristidae Anoxypristis cuspidata Knifetooth sawfish Always rare, historically from Iran Critically endangered Pristidae Pristis zijsron Green sawfish Formerly abundant in the region, now extremely rare Critically endangered Rajidae Raja pita Pita bread skate Only one specimen has been documented Data deficient

Myliobatiformes - Rays Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Dasyatidae Himantura uarnak honeycomb, or coachwhip ray Endangered Dasyatidae Maculabatis randalli Arabian whipray Endemic Least concern Dasyatidae Pastinachus sephen Cowtail stingray Near threatened Dasyatidae Taeniura lymma Bluespotted ribbon tail ray Aquarium Least concern Dasyatidae Taeniurops meyeni Round ribbon tail ray Vulnerable Gymnuridae Gymnura poecilura Longtail butterfly ray Vulnerable Aetobatidae Aetobatus ocellatus Spotted eagle ray Endangered Myliobatidae Aetomylaeus milvus Kite ray Endangered Myliobatidae Aetomylaeus wafickii Redtrim eagle ray Vulnerable Rhinopteridae Rhinoptera jayakari Oman cownose ray Endangered Mobulidae Mobula mobular Giant devil ray Critically endangered Mobulidae Mobula kuhlii shortfin devil ray endangered

Ray-finned fish

Elopiformes Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Megalopidae Megalops cyprinoides Indo-Pacific tarpon Data deficient

Anguilliformes - Eels Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Muraenidae Echidna nebulosa Snowflake moray Aquarium Least concern Muraenidae Gymnomuraena zebra Zebra moray Aquarium Least concern MuraenidaeGymnothorax arabicusArabian false brown morayNot evaluatedMuraenidaeGymnothorax favagineusJawad, L. A., Ziyadi, M. S. F., Näslund, J., Pohl, T., & Al-Mukhtar, M. A. (2018). Checklist of the fishes of the newly discovered coral reef in Iraq, north-west Persian Gulf, with 10 new records to the Persian Gulf. Aqua, Journal of Ichthyology and Aquatic Biology, 24(3), 89-138.Laced morayLeast concernMuraenidaeGymnothorax pseudothyrsoideusHighfin moray Least concern Muraenidae Gymnothorax undulatus Undulate moray Least concern Muraenesocidae Muraenesox cinereus Daggertooth pike-conger Anqalise Marmahie Minor fishe Least concern

Clupeiformes - Herrings FamilyScientific nameCommon nameLocal nameRegional importance Conservation statusImage Clupeidae Sardinella longiceps Indian oilsardine Moomagh Moderate fishery Least concern Chirocentridae Chirocentrus dorab Dorab Huf Minor fishery Least concern Chirocentridae Chirocentrus nudus Whitefin wolfherring Least concern

Gonorhynchiformes FamilyScientific nameCommon nameLocal nameRegional importance Conservation statusImage Chanidae Chanos chanos Milkfish Moderate fishery Least concern

Siluriformes - Catfish Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Plotosidae Plotosus lineatus Striped eelcatfish Least concern Ariidae Netuma bilineata Brinze catfish Minor fishing importance Least concern Ariidae Netuma thalassina Giant catfish Moderate fishery Least concern

Aulpiformes - Lizardfishes Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Synodontidae Saurida tumbil Greater lizardfish Hassoun Moderat fishery Least concern

Zeiformes - Dories Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Zeidae Zeus faber John Dory Data deficient Scombriformes - Mackerels and relatives Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Stromateidae Pampus argenteus Silver pomphret or white pomfret Zbeidy Widely fished, extirpated from many parts of the region Not evaluated Scombridae Euthynnus affinis Kawakawa Tabban Widely fished Least concern Scombridae Thunnus tonggol Longtail tune Joder Recreationally fished Data deficient Scombridae Rastrelliger kanagurta/chrysozonus Indian longjaw mackerel Moderate fishery Least concern Scombridae Scomberomorus commerson Narrowbar Spanish mackerel Chanaad Widely fished Near threatened Trichiuridae Trichiurus lepturus Beltfish Moderate fishery Least concern

Mullidae - Goatfish Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Mullidae Upeneus oligospilus Sultan Ibrahim Minor fishery, endemic Least concern Mullidae Parupeneus margaritatus Pearly goatfish Sultan Ibrahim Minor fishery, endemic Least concern

Miscellaneous (Carangaria?) - Barracuda, threadfin, and moonfish Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Sphyraenidae Sphyraena barracuda The great barracuda Jidd Least concern Sphyraenidae Sphyraena qenie Blackfin barracuda Jidd Moderate fishery Least concern Sphyraenidae Sphyraena jello Pickhandle barracuda Jidd Widely fished Least concern Sphyraenidae Sphyraena flavicauda Yellowtail barracuda Jidd Least concern Sphyraenidae Sphyraena puntnamae Military barracuda Jidd Least concern Sphyraenidae Sphyraena obtusata Striped barracuda Jidd Least concern Menidae Mene maculata Moonfish Not evaluated Polynemidae Eleutheronema tetradactylum Fourfinger threadfin Sheim Moderate fishery Not evaluated

Pleuronectoidei - Flatfish Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Psettodidae Psettodes erumei Indian halibut Minor fishery Data deficient Bothidae Bothus pantherinus Leopard flounder Least concern Cynoglossidae Cynoglossus arel Tonguesole Lsan Widely fished Least concern

Carangiformes - Jacks, billfish, and allies {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Family ! Scientific name !Common name ! Local name ! Regional importance ! Conservation status ! Image |- | Carangidae ! Caranx ignobilis | Giant trevally | | Minor fishery | Least concern

| Carangidae ! Decapterus russelli | Indian scad

| Moderate fishery | Least concern

| Carangidae ! Gnathanodon speciosus | Golden trevally | Widely fished | Least concern

| Carangidae ! Megalaspis cordyla | Torpedo scad

| Moderate fishery | Least concern

| Carangidae ! Parastromateus niger | Black pomfret

| Minor fishery | Least concern

| Carangidae ! Trachurus indicus| Arabian scad

| Vulnerable

| Echeneidae ! Echeneis naucrates| Sharksucker

| Least concern

| Istiophoridae ! Istiompax indica| Black marlin

| Data deficient

Cichlidae Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Cichlidae Oreochromis aureus Blue tilapia Introduced, found in wetlands and aquacultured Least concern Cichlidae Oreochromis niloticus Nile tilapia Bultie Introduced, found in wetlands and aquacultured Least concern

Atheriniformes - Silversides Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Atherinidae Atherinomorus lacunosus Hardyhead silverside Minor fishery Least concern

Pupfish Family Scientific nameCommon name Local name Regional importance Conservation status Image Cyprinodontidae Aphaniops stoliczkanus Arabian pupfish Ifti Not evaluated

Beloniformes - Needlefish, Halfbeaks, and Flyingfish

List of fish of the Persian Gulf

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