Patankar is an Indian surname. Notable people with the name include:
Bharat Patankar, activist, co-founder and President of the left wing of Shramik Mukti Dal in Maharashtra Chandrakant Patankar (born 1930), Indian cricketer Indumati Babuji Patankar (1925–2017), freedom fighter and activist in Kasegaon, Maharashtra Prachi Patankar, community activist, writer, and educator R. B. Patankar (1927–2004), Marathi critic and scholar of modern aesthetics S. N. Patankar (died 1941) was an Indian producer, director, and cameraman Suhas Patankar (born 1941), Indian mechanical engineer Vikramsinh Patankar (born 1943), Indian politician from Maharashtra Wasudev Waman Patankar (1908–1997), Marathi shayar, and one of the first to pen Marathi shayari