Phalloceros maldonadoi, is a species of poeciliid fish native to Brazil.
Distribution Phalloceros maldonadoi is found from the Tijucas, Maruim, Aririú, Cubatão do Sul, Rio da Madre, D'Una and Tubarão river basins in southern Brazil.
Size The females of this species grow to a total length of , while males remain smaller at .Souto-Santos, Igor & Lucinda, Paulo & Buckup, Paulo. (2023). Bilateral genital asymmetry in livebearer fishes of the genus Phalloceros Eigenmann, 1907, with description of a new species from coastal drainages of southern Brazil (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae). Journal of Fish Biology. 103. 10.1111/jfb.15410.
Habitat The fish live in tropical freshwater; and are benthopelagic.
Etymology The fish is named in honor of biologist Javier Alejandro Maldonado-Ocampo (1977–2019), because of his many contributions to Neotropical ichthyology. He was killed while crossing a river in a small boat. The boat overturned and he was swept downstream.
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