The Djadochta Formation (sometimes spelled Djadokhta, Djadokata, or Dzhadokhtskaya) is a geological formation in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia. It dates to the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous and is famous for its dinosaur fossils including Oviraptor, Protoceratops, and Velociraptor. It is also known for a high diversity of mammal and lizard fossils, and a complete catalogue of its fossil contents is shown below.
Vertebrates Amphibians Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Gobiates Indeterminate Udyn Sayr "Partial skeleton with partial urostyle." A frog.
Crocodylomorphs Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Artzosuchus A. brachicephalus Udyn Sayr "Partial skull." A crocodylomorph. Gobiosuchus G. kielanae Bayn Dzak "Multiple specimens with partial skulls and skeletons." A gobiosuchid. G.? parvus Udyn Sayr "Partial skull and skeleton." A gobiosuchid. Shamosuchus S. djadochtaensis Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Two skulls and partial skeleton." A paralligatorid.
Lizards Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Adamisaurus A. magnidentatus Bayn Dzak, Tugriken Shireh, Ukhaa Tolgod "Skulls and skeletons from multiple specimens." A teiid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation and Bayan Mandahu Formation. Aiolosaurus A. oriens Ukhaa Tolgod "Incomplete skull and partial skeleton." A varanoid. Carusia C. intermedia Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Skulls from multiple specimens." A carusiid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation and Bayan Mandahu Formation. Cherminotus C. longifrons Tugriken Shireh, Ukhaa Tolgod "Skulls and partial skeleton." A varanoid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Ctenomastax C. parva Zos "Incomplete skull." An iguanid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Dzhadochtosaurus D. giganteus Tugriken Shireh "Partially complete skull." A macrocephalosaur. Eoxanta E. lacertifrons Ukhaa Tolgod "Incomplete skull." A scincomorph. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Estesia E. mongoliensis Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skulls and teeth." A monstersaur. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Flaviagama F. dzerzhinskii Tugriken Shireh "Skull and two vertebrae." A priscagamid. Globaura G. venusta Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skulls." A scincomorph. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Gobiderma G. pulchrum Udyn Sayr, Ukhaa Tolgod "Skulls and skin impressions." A monstersaur. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Gobinatus G. arenosus Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull." A teiid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Hymenosaurus H. clarki Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull." A scincomorph. Isodontosaurus I. gracilis Bayn Dzak, Tugriken Shireh, Ukhaa Tolgod, Zos "Numerous skulls and a partial skeleton." An iguanian. Also present in the Bayan Mandahu Formation. Macrocephalosaurus Indeterminate Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull and skeleton." A teiid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Mimeosaurus M. crassus Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod, Zos Wash "Partially complete skulls." An acrodont. Also present in the Bayan Mandahu Formation. Myrmecodaptria M. microphagosa Ukhaa Tolgod "Single skull." A gekkotan. Ovoo O. gurval Little Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull." A varanid. Parmeosaurus P. scutatus Ukhaa Tolgod "Articulated skull and skeleton." A scincomorph. Phrynosomimus P. asper Ukhaa Tolgod "Two partial skulls." An acrodont. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Priscagama P. gobiensis Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Incomplete skulls." An priscagamid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Saichangurvel S. davidsoni Ukhaa Tolgod "Complete skull and skeleton in articulation." An iguanian. Slavoia S. darevskii Ukhaa Tolgod "Skulls and skeleton." A scincomorph. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Telmasaurus T. grangeri Bayn Dzak "Partial skull and skeleton." A varanid. Temujinia T. ellisoni Tugriken Shireh, Ukhaa Tolgod "Several partial skulls." An iguanid. Tchingisaurus T. multivagus Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull." A teiid. Unnamed scincomorph Indeterminate Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull." A scincomorph. Varanoidea indet. Indeterminate Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial maxilla and vertebra." A varanoid. Zapsosaurus Z. sceliphros Tugriken Shireh "Two partial skulls." An iguanid.
Mammals Multituberculates Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Bulganbaatar B. nemegtbaataroides Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull, and other remains."Kielan-Jaworowska (1974). "Multituberculate succession in the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert (Mongolia)". Palaeontologica Polonica 30: 23–44. A djadochtatherioid. Catopsbaatar C. catopsaloides Ukhaa Tolgod Not specified. A djadochtatheriid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Chulsanbaatar C. vulgaris Ukhaa Tolgod "Skull and partial skeleton." A djadochtatherioid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Djadochtatherium D. matthewi Bayn Dzak, Tugriken Shireh "Partial skulls." A djadochtatheriid. Deltatheroides D. cretacicus Bayn Dzak "Partial skull." A djadochtatheriid. Kamptobaatar K. kuczynskii Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull, and other remains." A sloanbaatarid. Kryptobaatar K. dashzevegi Bayn Dzak, Tugriken Shireh, Ukhaa Tolgod "Skulls and skeleton remains from several specimens." A djadochtatheriid. Gobibaatar and Tugrigbaatar are considered synonyms of this taxon. Mangasbaatar M. udanii Udyn Sayr "Skulls and partial skeleton from two specimens." A djadochtatheriid. Nemegtbaatar N. gobiensis Ukhaa Tolgod Not specified. A djadochtatherioid. Also present in the Barun Goyot Formation. Sloanbaatar S. mirabilis Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Complete skull, and other remains." A sloanbaatarid. Tombaatar T. sabuli Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull." A djadochtatheriid.
Therians Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Asiatherium A. reshetovi Udyn Sayr "Articulated skull and skeleton." A metatherian. Deltatheridium D. pretrituberculare Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull and skeleton remains." A metatherian. Hyotheridium H. dobsoni Bayn Dzak "Partial skull." A therian. Indeterminate Ukhaa Tolgod Not specified. A therian. Kennalestes K. gobiensis Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod "Nearly complete skull, and other remains." An eutherian. Maelestes M. gobiensis Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull with skeleton." A cimolestid. Ukhaatherium U. nessovi Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial to nearly complete skeletons from several specimens." An eutherian. Zalambdalestes Z. lechei Bayn Dzak, Tugriken Shireh "Skulls and skeletons from several specimens." An eutherian.
Pterosaurs Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Azhdarchidae indet. Indeterminate Tugriken Shireh "Indeterminate bone inside the gut cavity of a Velociraptor." An azhdarchid.
Turtles Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Nanhsiungchelyidae indet. Indeterminate Abdrant Nuru "Three shell fragments." A nanhsiungchelyid. Indeterminate Bayn Dzak "Partial shells." A nanhsiungchelyid. Indeterminate Udyn Sayr "Two shell fragments." A nanhsiungchelyid. Zangerlia Z. dzamynchondi Zamyn Khondt "Partial shell." A nanhsiungchelyid. Z. ukhaachelys Ukhaa Tolgod "Partial skull and skeleton." A nanhsiungchelyid.
Dinosaurs Ankylosaurids Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Eopinacosaurus E. cf. mephistocephalus Tugrikin Shireh A skull and cervical vertebrae Remains tentatively referred to E. mephistocephalus, a species previously placed in the genus Pinacosaurus. Minotaurasaurus M. ramachandrani Ukhaa Tolgod [Two] complete skulls, mandibles, and first cervical half-ring. An ankylosaurid previously thought to be a junior synonym of Tarchia, but is now considered to be a valid and distinct taxon. Pinacosaurus P. grangeri Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod [Three] skulls, mandibles, predentary, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, ribs, scapula, coracoids, humerus, radius, ulna, ilium, femora, tibia, fibula, pelvis, manus, tail club handles, cervical half-rings, osteoderms, and a nearly complete skeleton lacking a skull. An ankylosaurid also known from the Alagteeg Formation and Bayan Mandahu Formation. P. hilwitnorum Bayn Dzak, Ukhaa Tolgod A basal ankylosaurine ankylosaurid also known from the Bayan Mandahu Formation. Ankylosauridae indet. Indeterminate Zamyn Khondt Partially complete postcranial skeleton with in situ osteoderms. Initially referred to Saichania, but later referred to as Ankylosauridae indet., cf. Pinacosaurus, or cf. Minotaurasaurus
Marginocephalians Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Bainoceratops B. efremovi Bayn Dzak "Partial vertebrae." A protoceratopsid. May be synonymous with Protoceratops. Bagaceratops Indeterminate Udyn Sayr "Skull with partial skeleton." A protoceratopsid. Indeterminate between Bagaceratops and Protoceratops. Goyocephale G. lattimorei Boro Khovil "Partial skull and skeleton." A pachycephalosaurid. Locality sediments may belong to this formation. Protoceratops P. andrewsi Bayn Dzak, Tugriken Shireh, Udyn Sayr, Zamyn Khondt "Multiple partial to complete specimens." A protoceratopsid. P. hellenikorhinus Bor Tolgoi, Udyn Sayr "Partial cranial remains." A protoceratopsid. Protoceratopsidae indet. Indeterminate Ukhaa Tolgod "Numerous skulls and remains." A protoceratopsid. Udanoceratops U. tschizhovi Udyn Sayr "Skull and fragmented skeleton elements." A giant leptoceratopsid.
Ornithopods Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Hadrosauroidea indet. Indeterminate Tugriken Shireh "Fragmented remains from juveniles." A hadrosauroid. Plesiohadros P. djadokhtaensis Alag Teeg "Skull and partial body elements." A hadrosauroid. Actually hails from the Alagteeg Formation.
Sauropods
Genus Species Location Material Notes Images cf. Nemegtosaurus Indeterminate Not specified. Not specified. A sauropod.
Theropods Alvarezsaurs Genus Species Location Material Notes Images Alvarezsauridae indet. Indeterminate Tugriken Shireh "Partial skull, braincase, and skeleton elements of two specimens."Suzuki, Chiappe, Dyke, Watabe, Barsbold and Tsogtbaatar, 2002. A new specimen of Shuvuuia deserti Chiappe et al., 1998, from the Mongolian Late Cretaceous with a discussion of the relationships of alvarezsaurids to other theropod dinosaurs. Contributions in Science. 494, 1–18.Longrich & Currie (2009). Albertonykus borealis, a new alvarezsaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Maastrichtian of Alberta, Canada: Implications for the systematics and ecology of the Alvarezsauridae. Cretaceous Research. 30(1), 239–252. An alvarezsaurid also known as the Tugriken Shireh alvarezsaur. Uncertainly referred as Parvicursor sp. Kol K. ghuva Ukhaa Tolgod "A well-preserved right foot." A large alvarezsaurid. Its classification has been criticized. Shuvuuia S. deserti Ukhaa Tolgod "Multiple specimens with skull and skeletons."Chiappe, L.M., Norell, M. A., and Clark, J. M. (1998). "The skull of a relative of the stem-group bird Mononykus." Nature, 392 (6673): 275–278.Dufeau, 2003. The cranial anatomy of the theropod dinosaur Shuvuuia deserti (Coelurosauria: Alvarezsauridae), and its bearing upon coelurosaurian phylogeny. Masters Thesis, The University of Texas at Austin. 275 pp.Pei, 2015. New paravian fossils from the Mesozoic of east Asia and their bearing on the phylogeny of the Coelurosauria. PhD thesis, Columbia University. 545 pp.Saitta, E., Fletcher, I., Martin, P.G., Pittman, M., Kaye, T., True, L., Norell, M., Abbott, G., Summons, R., Penkman, K., & Vinther, J. (2018). Preservation of feather fibers from the Late Cretaceous dinosaur Shuvuuia deserti raises concern about immunohistochemical analyses on fossils. Organic Geochemistry. 125: 142–151. An alvarezsaurid. Undescribed Alvarezsauridae Indeterminate Bayn Dzak "Partial pelvic girdle and hindlimb."Norell, Chiappe and Clark, (1993). New limb on the avian family tree. Natural History. September, 38–43. An alvarezsaurid. Indeterminate Gilvent Wash Not given. An alvarezsaurid.
Birds