This is a breakdown of the results of the 2025 German federal election. The following tables display detailed results in each of the sixteen states and all 299 single-member constituencies.
Due to several major and minor parties failing to pass the electoral threshold called Five percent hurdle, 13.9% of voters are not represented in the 2025 Bundestag, the second highest percentage of forfeited second votes in German federal elections. CDU/CSU and SPD formerly had represented a two-party system with a combined approval of over 90% in the 1970s, and as late as 2017 had formed a grand coalition with 53% voter share. In 2025, they only received a combined 44.9% of the votes, but with only 86.1% of the voters being represented with seats, they still won a majority of 328 of 630 seats.
Nationwide
Seat apportionment Seats are distributed to all parties clearing the threshold, either through getting more than 5% of second votes, having the most first votes in at least 3 constituencies, or being a national minority party. Seats are first distributed to the political parties in an overall distribution using the Sainte-Laguë method. The seats won by each party are then distributed to the party in each state, based on the votes it received in that state, also using the Sainte-Laguë method. For each calculation, a divisor is chosen by the Federal Returning Officer so that the total number of seats to be allocated are distributed. The tables below reflect the calculations officially carried out.
Overall distribution Overall distributionPartyVotesQuotientsSeatsCDU11,196,374164.41164AfD10,328,780151.67152SPD8,149,124119.66120Greens5,762,38084.6285Linke4,356,53263.9764CSU2,964,02843.5244SSW76,1381.121Divisor: 68,100
Subdistribution StateCDUAfDSPDGreensLinkeVotesQuotientsSeatsVotesQuotientsSeatsVotesQuotientsSeatsVotesQuotientsSeatsVotesQuotientsSeatsSchleswig-Holstein518,4247.618306,1654.545352,5465.185279,9234.034146,4282.092Mecklenburg-Vorpommern181,9562.673357,3615.295126,6871.86254,7190.791123,0591.762Hamburg216,9353.193113,6081.682237,7403.503201,7132.913151,1152.162Lower Saxony1,410,41820.7121894,54013.25131,153,52316.9617576,8458.318405,5195.796Bremen71,5731.05152,4960.78180,6041.19154,2800.78151,4610.741Brandenburg298,0484.384535,2757.938244,0103.594108,5981.562176,2242.523Saxony-Anhalt256,5383.774496,1107.357146,5352.15259,0770.851143,8072.052Berlin356,0995.235296,9904.404295,1824.344328,0354.735387,2225.536North Rhine-Westphalia3,170,62746.56471,770,37926.23262,108,43431.01311,300,90118.7419877,12312.5313Saxony507,2477.457958,40114.2014217,1443.193167,2692.412290,4624.154Hesse1,033,84215.1815636,7789.439657,5109.6710451,5106.517311,0584.444Thuringia246,0653.614510,5277.568115,9151.70256,0970.811200,6882.873Rhineland-Palatinate760,62311.1711498,6957.397462,7056.807256,8693.704161,8672.312BavariaN/A1,515,73122.4622920,67513.5414957,43513.8014456,9356.537Baden-Württemberg2,006,86629.47291,256,43018.6119898,77813.2213865,73812.4712429,4846.146Saarland161,1132.372129,2941.922131,1361.93243,3710.62144,0800.631Divisor68,10067,50068,00069,40070,000
Leaders' races + Party Name Constituency Votes % Position Elected? CDU/CSU Friedrich Merz Hochsauerlandkreis 78,620 47.7 1st AfD Alice Weidel Bodensee 29,316 20.4 2nd SPD Olaf Scholz Potsdam – Potsdam-Mittelmark II – Teltow-Fläming II 43,336 21.8 1st GRÜNE Robert Habeck Flensburg – Schleswig 43,290 22.6 2nd DIE LINKE Jan van AkenHamburg party list 1st Heidi Reichinnek Stadt Osnabrück 18,862 11.8 4th BSW Sahra WagenknechtNorth Rhine-Westphalia party list 1st FDP Christian Lindner Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis 9,053 4.9 6th SSW Stefan Seidler Flensburg – Schleswig 21,465 11.2 5th FW Hubert Aiwanger Rottal-Inn 32,668 23.0 3rd
By state (C) denotes that the member was elected thanks to their result in a constituency rather than their designated place on the list. Constituency winners are elected before list members, and take their place in order of vote percentage in the constituency in question. If a party wins more constituencies than they are entitled to by list vote, the constituency winners with the lowest vote share do not win their seat and no constituency seat is allocated. In 2025, this occurred in 23 constituencies.
Summary Party list vote share by stateStateCDU/CSUAfDSPDGrüneLinkeBSWFDPOthers 27.6 16.3 18.8 14.9 7.8 3.4 4.7 6.5 17.8 35.0 12.4 5.4 12.0 10.6 3.2 3.6 20.7 10.9 22.7 19.3 14.4 4.0 4.5 3.5 28.1 17.8 23.0 11.5 8.1 3.8 4.1 3.6 20.5 15.1 23.1 15.6 14.8 4.3 3.5 3.1 18.1 32.5 14.8 6.6 10.7 10.7 3.2 3.4 19.2 37.1 11.0 4.4 10.8 11.2 3.1 3.2 18.3 15.2 15.1 16.8 19.9 6.6 3.8 4.3 30.1 16.8 20.0 12.4 8.3 4.1 4.4 3.9 19.737.3 8.5 6.5 11.3 9.0 3.2 4.5 28.9 17.8 18.4 12.6 8.7 4.4 5.0 4.2 18.638.6 8.8 4.2 15.2 9.4 2.8 2.4 30.6 20.1 18.6 10.4 6.5 4.2 4.6 5.0 37.2 19.0 11.6 12.0 5.7 3.1 4.2 7.2 31.6 19.8 14.2 13.6 6.8 5.6 4.1 4.3 26.9 21.6 21.9 7.2 7.3 6.2 4.3 4.6
Seats by stateState Distribution Total 2 5 4 1 8 5 25 2 2 1 3 5 13 2 3 3 3 2 13 6 17 8 21 13 65 1 1 1 1 1 5 3 4 2 4 8 21 2 2 1 4 7 16 6 4 5 5 4 24 13 31 19 47 26 136 4 3 2 7 14 30 4 10 7 15 9 45 3 2 1 4 8 18 2 7 4 11 7 31 7 14 14 44 22 101 6 13 12 29 19 79 1 2 1 2 2 8 64 120 85 1 208 152 630
Schleswig-Holstein PartyConstituencyParty listTotalseats+/–Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats Christian Democratic Union (CDU) 573,541 30.6 8 518,424 27.6 0 8 2 Social Democratic Party (SPD) 424,485 22.6 1 352,546 18.8 4 5 3 Alternative for Germany (AfD) 302,259 16.1 0 306,165 16.3 5 5 3 Alliance 90/The Greens (GRÜNE) 279,298 14.9 1 279,923 14.9 3 4 2 The Left (DIE LINKE) 115,098 6.1 0 146,428 7.8 2 2 1 Free Democratic Party (FDP) 67,541 3.6 0 88,147 4.7 0 0 4 South Schleswig Voters' Association (SSW) 58,779 3.1 0 76,138 4.0 1 1 Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW) ––– 64,777 3.4 0 0 New Volt Germany 23,282 1.2 0 16,496 0.9 0 0 Die PARTEI 2,021 0.1 0 13,729 0.7 0 0 Free Voters 25,139 1.3 0 13,675 0.7 0 0 Bündnis Deutschland 3,227 0.2 0 2,981 0.2 0 0 New Marxist–Leninist Party 286 0.0 0 576 0.0 0 0 Independents & voter groups 1,273 0.1 0 ––– 0 –Invalid/blank votes 13,739 –– 9,963 ––––Total1,889,968100101,889,9681001525−3Registered voters/turnout 2,262,811 83.5 – 2,262,811 83.5 –––Source: Federal Returning Officer
Elected members
# CDU AfD SPD Grüne Linke SSW Votes 518,367 306,191 532,671 279,932 146,398 76,126 % 27.6% 16.3% 18.8% 14.9% 7.8% 4.0% Seats 8 5 5 4 2 1 Constituency seats List seats Not elected candidates Notes (C, 0.0%) – constituency winner and vote share percent; – position in the Land list (if available)
Constituency votes
# ConstituencyElected memberPrevious member Vote share of winner % Union AfD SPD Grüne Linke BSW FDPSSW Others Total 1 Flensburg – Schleswig None Robert Habeck 26.5% 50,822 28,824 28,366 43,290 10,370 – 4,484 21,465 4,111 191,732 2 Nordfriesland – Dithmarschen Nord Leif Bodin Astrid Damerow 32.7% 49,866 24,472 31,169 16,627 7,919 – 5,749 14,253 2,657 152,712 3 Steinburg – Dithmarschen Süd Mark Helfrich Mark Helfrich 35.0% 50,92829,69330,73314,4688,709–5,647–5,157145,435 4 Rendsburg-Eckernförde Dr. Johann Wadephul Sönke Rix 32.8%56,163 26,417 36,266 20,473 8,675 – 8,170 11,075 4,128 171,367 5 Kiel Luise Amtsberg Mathias Stein 26.0% 34,941 17,811 36,68843,283 15,946 – 4,825 7,363 5,323 166,180 6 Plön – Neumünster Sandra Carstensen Kristian Klinck 32.7%46,370 25,249 33,977 18,852 7,623 – 4,693 – 4,949 141,713 7 Pinneberg Daniel Kölbl Ralf Stegner 31.8%63,231 30,417 49,714 25,395 12,683 – 7,674 4,617 5,368 199,099 8 Segeberg – Stormarn-Mitte Melanie Bernstein Bengt Bergt 32.3%67,881 36,071 51,437 24,800 12,636 – 9,417 – 7,807 210,049 9 Ostholstein – Stormarn-Nord Sebastian Schmidt Bettina Hagedorn 34.8%52,022 25,929 38,071 15,636 8,232 – 5,422 – 4,358 149,670 10 Herzogtum Lauenburg – Stormarn-Süd Henri Schmidt Nina Scheer 32.7%67,641 35,419 48,273 29,012 12,160 – 7,445 – 6,682 206,632 11 Lübeck Tim Klüssendorf Tim Klüssendorf 28.1% 33,695 21,97239,809 27,477 10,175 – 4,028 2,636 – 141,752
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern PartyConstituencyParty listTotalseats+/–Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats Alternative for Germany (AfD) 376,846 37.0 5 357,361 35.0 0 5 2 Christian Democratic Union (CDU) 205,786 20.2 0 181,956 17.8 3 3 Social Democratic Party (SPD) 179,547 17.6 0 126,687 12.4 2 2 4 The Left (DIE LINKE) 144,778 14.2 0 123,059 12.0 2 2 Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW) 107,872 10.6 0 0 New Alliance 90/The Greens (GRÜNE) 36,898 3.6 0 54,719 5.4 1 1 Free Democratic Party (FDP) 29,339 2.9 0 32,678 3.2 0 0 1 Human Environment Animal Protection Party 6,199 0.6 0 15,656 1.5 0 0 Free Voters 27,571 2.7 0 10,814 1.1 0 0 Volt Germany 6,350 0.6 0 0 Bündnis Deutschland 6,839 0.7 0 3,248 0.3 0 0 New Marxist–Leninist Party 1,284 0.1 0 842 0.1 0 0 Independents & voter groups 2,636 0.3 0 0 –Invalid/blank votes 11,315 –– 7,796 ––––Total1,029,03810051,029,038100813−3Registered voters/turnout 1,293,729 79.5 – 1,293,729 79.5 –––Source: Federal Returning Officer
Elected members
# CDU AfD SPD Grüne Linke Votes 181,963 357,356 126,703 54,721 123,051 % 17.8% 35.0% 12.4% 5.4% 12.0% Seats 3 5 2 1 2 Constituency seats List seats Not elected candidates Notes (C, 0.0%) – constituency winner and vote share percent; – position in the Land list (if available)
Constituency votes
# ConstituencyElected memberPrevious member Vote share of winner % Winning margin Union AfD SPD Grüne Linke BSW FDP Total 12 Schwerin – Ludwigslust-Parchim I – Nordwestmecklenburg I Leif-Erik Holm Reem Alabali-Radovan 35.9% 25,510 35,45360,863 34,101 5,531 21,569 – 4,870 169,749 13 Ludwigslust-Parchim II – Nordwestmecklenburg II – Landkreis Rostock I Christoph Grimm Frank Junge 36.9% 24,762 32,83959,416 34,654 5,747 18,094 – 4,422 161,226 14 Rostock – Landkreis Rostock II None Katrin Zschau 26.8% 2,077 34,40347,598 30,031 9,397 45,521 – 5,037 177,565 15 Vorpommern-Rügen – Vorpommern-Greifswald I Dario Seifert Anna Kassautzki 37.3% 29,607 39,23568,842 26,883 9,064 24,635 – 4,814 184,652 16 Mecklenburgische Seenplatte I – Vorpommern-Greifswald II Enrico Komning Erik von Malottki 45.2% 42,033 33,05075,083 22,871 3,787 18,008 – 5,881 166,084 17 Mecklenburgische Seenplatte II – Landkreis Rostock III Ulrike Schielke-Ziesing Johannes Arlt 41.1% 34,033 30,80865,035 31,002 3,370 16,952 – 4,314 158,427
Hamburg PartyConstituencyParty listTotalseats+/–Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats Social Democratic Party (SPD) 292,325 28.0 3 237,740 22.7 0 3 2 Christian Democratic Union (CDU) 232,067 22.3 1 216,935 20.7 2 3 Alliance 90/The Greens (GRÜNE) 214,621 20.6 2 201,713 19.3 1 3 1 The Left (DIE LINKE) 129,995 12.5 0 151,115 14.5 2 2 1 Alternative for Germany (AfD) 114,714 11.0 0 113,608 10.9 2 2 1 Free Democratic Party (FDP) 35,299 3.4 0 47,115 4.5 0 0 2 Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW) 41,919 4.0 0 0 New Volt Germany 11,921 1.1 0 15,549 1.5 0 0 Human Environment Animal Protection Party 9,735 0.9 0 0 Die PARTEI 4,518 0.4 0 0 Free Voters 9,714 0.9 0 3,866 0.4 0 0 Bündnis Deutschland 1,279 0.1 0 0 New Marxist–Leninist Party 1,642 0.2 0 528 0.1 0 0 Invalid/blank votes 8,507 –– 5,185 ––––Total1,050,80510061,050,805100713−3Registered voters/turnout 1,299,289 80.9 – 1,299,289 80.9 –––Source: Federal Returning Officer
Elected members
# CDU AfD SPD Grüne Linke Votes 216,782 113,463 237,564 201,761 150,930 % 20.7% 10.9% 22.7% 19.3% 14.4% Seats 3 2 3 3 2 Constituency seats List seats Not elected candidates Notes (C, 0.0%) – constituency winner and vote share percent; – position in the Land list (if available)
Constituency votes