Leonidov () is a Russian surname that is derived from the male given name Leonid and literally means Leonid's. It may refer to the following notable people:
Aleksei Leonidov, a nickname of Leo (Leonid) Feigin, a former BBC Russian Service disk jockey and a founder of Leo Records Ivan Leonidov (1902–1959), Soviet architect, urban planner, painter and teacher Leonid Leonidov (1873–1941), Russian and Soviet actor and stage director Oleh Leonidov (born 1985), Ukrainian football player