Trubnikov () is a Russian surname; the feminine version is Trubnikova (). Notable people with this name include:
Trubnikov Kuzma Trubnikov (1888–1974), Soviet military commander Vyacheslav Trubnikov, Russian intelligence officer and diplomat
Trubnikova Daria Trubnikova (born 2003), Russian gymnast Maria Trubnikova (1835–1897), Russian feminist