Turkey is a transcontinental presidential republic in Eurasia, mainly on the Anatolian peninsula in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage. As of July 2024, there are 2.439,859 registered companies based in the country.

The country has an emerging market economy as defined by the IMF. Turkey is among the world's developed countries according to the CIA World Factbook. Turkey is also defined by economists and political scientists as one of the world's newly industrialized countries. Turkey has the world's 17th largest nominal GDP, and 11th largest GDP by PPP. The country is among the world's leading producers of agricultural products; textiles; motor vehicles, ships and other transportation equipment; construction materials; consumer electronics and home appliances.

For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations, see "Business entities in Turkey".

Largest firms The list shows firms ranked in the Forbes Global 2000 by total revenues reported as of 2024.

RankImageName2024 Revenues (USD)EmployeesNotes 309 Koç Holding $67.4B 123,970 Diverse industrial conglomerate controlled by third-generation members of the Koç family. Subsidiaries include Arçelik, Divan Group, Tofaş and Yapı Kredi.525İşbank $18.27B 21,167Established by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1924 to be the first national bank of Turkey, it is the largest and operates in 11 countries. 28% of its shares are still held by the Republican People's Party.676Turkish Airlines $22.74B 40,264State-owned airline capitalized in 1956 and is the world's largest airline by number of countries served, and ninth largest by revenue. Subsidiaries include A Jet, SunExpress and Air Albania.759Vakıfbank $22.7B 18,579Owned by Turkey Wealth Fund, Vakıfbank is a state enterprise and is the second-largest bank in Turkey in terms of total assets held. It also operates in the United States, Qatar, Iraq, Qatar, and Austria.878Sabancı Holding $37.3B 62,853Subsidiaries include Akbank, TEMSA and Enerjisa957Halkbank $20.6B 18,9671446BİM $14.2B 86,647Retail discount market group that operates in Turkey, Morocco and Egypt.

Notable firms This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.

NameIndustrySectorHeadquartersFounded Notes Akbank Financials Banks Istanbul 1948 Banking, part of Sabancı Holding Aksa Basic materials Chemicals Yalova 1968 Chemicals Alarko Holding Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1954 Construction and mechanical industries Anadolu Isuzu Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Istanbul 1984 Automotive, part of Isuzu (Japan) Arçelik Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1955 Home appliances, part of Koç Holding Arkem Basic materials Chemicals Istanbul 1991 Chemicals Assan Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Istanbul 1994 Automotive, owned by Hyundai Motor Company Aselsan Industrials Aerospace & defense Ankara 1975 Defense electronic systems Askam Industrials Industrial engineering Istanbul 1964 Commercial trucks, defunct 2015 Avea Telecommunications Mobile telecommunications Istanbul 2004 Mobile phone operation, part of Türk Telekom Aygaz Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Istanbul 1961 Propane gas, part of Koç Holding Banvit Consumer goods Food & beverage Bandırma 1968 Poultry Basak Traktor Industrials Industrial engineering Adapazarı 1914 Tractors Baykar Industrials Defence Istanbul 1984 UAV Beko Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1967 Home electronics, part of Koç Holding BİM Consumer goods Retail Istanbul 1995 Grocery BMC Consumer goods Automobiles & parts İzmir 1964 Automotive Borusan Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1944 Conglomerate: Steel, energy, logistics BOTAŞ Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Ankara 1974 State-owned oil/energy Çalık Enerji Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Istanbul 1998 Energy Canovate Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1965 Electrical equipment Cengiz Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1980ÇiçeksepetiConsumer goodsRetailIstanbul2006online retailer: food, flowers Ciner Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1978 Energy, media, commerce Çukurova Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1923 Construction, media, telecommunications DenizBank Financials Banks Istanbul 1938 Private bank, part of Sberbank (Russia) Dilek Ecza Deposu Health care Pharmaceuticals & biotechnology Antalya 1991 Pharmaceutical distribution Doğan Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1980 Energy, media Doğtaş Consumer goods Personal & household goods Biga 1972 Furniture Doğuş Group Conglomerate - Istanbul 1951 Highly diversified conglomerate Eczacıbaşı Health care Pharmaceuticals & biotechnology Istanbul 1942 Pharmaceuticals Efes Beverage Group Consumer goods Food & beverage Istanbul 1969 Brewery Elektrik Üretim Utilities Electricity Ankara 2001 Energy Enerco Energy Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Istanbul 2004 Natural gas Enka İnşaat ve Sanayi A.Ş. Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1957 Construction Erdem Architects Industrials Support services Ankara 1998 Architects Erdemir Basic materials Basic resources Karadeniz Ereğli 1967 Iron and steel Erkunt Group Industrials Industrial engineering Ankara 1953 Tractors Estap Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1989 Electronics Eti Maden Industrials Mining Ankara 1993 Mining EUROTAI Industrials Aerospace & defense Ankara 1997 Helicopters, joint with Airbus Helicopters and TAI Eurotem Industrials Industrial Transportation Istanbul 2006 Trains, joint with Hyundai Rotem (South Korea) EÜAŞ Utilities Electricity Ankara 2001 Electric power Fibabanka Financials Banks Istanbul 2010 Private bank Finansbank Financials Banks Istanbul 1987 Banking, part of the QNB Group (Qatar) GAMA Endustri Industrials Construction & materials Ankara 1970 Construction Garanti Bank Financials Banks Istanbul 1946 Private bank Goldas Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1993 Jewelry Gülermak Industrials Rail transportation Ankara 1958 Construction Halk Bankasi Financials Banks Ankara 1938 State-owned Banking HAVELSAN Software Defence Ankara 1982 Government owned company Hidromek Industrials Heavy Equipment Ankara 1978 Construction Hunca Cosmetics Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1957 Cosmetics Inebolu Shipyard Industrials Industrial Transportation İnebolu 2008 Shipbuilding Isdemir Basic materials Basic resources İskenderun 1970 Steel Istanbul Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1980 Musical instruments Istanbul Metro Consumer services Transportation Istanbul 1989 Metro Kalyon Group Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1974 Construction Kardemir Karabük Demir Çelik Fabrikalari A.S. Basic materials Basic resources Karabük 1937 Iron and steel Karsan Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Bursa 1966 Automotive Kayi Construction Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1991 Construction Kimetsan Basic materials Chemicals Ankara 1986 Chemicals Koç Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1926 Energy, consumer goods, industrials, financials Koton Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1988 Clothing Limak Holding Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1976 Construction Mako Elektrik Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Bursa 1970 Automotive Mavi Jeans Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1991 Clothing Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation Industrials Aerospace & defense Ankara 1950 Military Migros Türk Consumer services Retail Istanbul 1975 Supermarket, part of Koç Holding Nurol Holding Industrials Construction & materials Ankara 1989 Construction Omsan Industrials Support services Istanbul 1978 Logistics OPET Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Mersin 1982 Oil and gas, part of Koç Holding Otokar Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Sakarya 1963 Automotive, part of Koç Holding Otosan Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Gölcük 1959 Automotive, part of Koç Holding Oyak-Renault Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Bursa 1969 Automotive Ozaltin Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Adana 2000 Automotive Pancar Motor Industrials Industrial engineering Konya 1956 Diesel engines Petkim Oil & gas Oil & gas producers İzmir 1965 Petrochemical Petrol Ofisi Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Istanbul 1941 Oil and gas Polimeks Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1995 Construction Poliya Basic materials Chemicals Istanbul 1983 Composites and chemicals PTT Industrials Postal service Ankara 1840 State-owned Roketsan Industrials Defence Ankara 1988 Missile manufacturer Sabancı Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1926 Financials, energy, retail Sahinler Holding Industrials General industrials Istanbul 1984 Textile Salcano Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1975 Bicycle Şekerbank Financials Banks Eskişehir 1953 BankingŞişecamIndustrialsConstruction & materialsIstanbul1935Glass manufacturing Solimpeks Oil & gas Alternative energy Konya 2001 Renewable energy STFA Group Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1938 Civil engineering and construction Tabanlioglu Architects Industrials Support services Istanbul 1956 Architects TAV Airports Holding Industrials Industrial Transportation Istanbul 1997 Airport TCDD Industrials Railroads Ankara 1929 State-owned TCDD Taşımacılık Industrials Transportation services Ankara 2016 State-owned Tekel Consumer goods Food & beverage Istanbul 1862 Tobacco and alcoholic beverages Tekfen Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1956 Construction Temsa Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Adana 1968 Automotive, part of Sabancı Holding Tersan Shipyard Industrials Industrial Transportation Yalova 1990 Shipbuilding Tofas Consumer goods Automobiles & parts Istanbul 1968 Automotive, part of Koç Holding TÜLOMSAŞ Industrials Industrial Transportation Eskişehir 1894 Locomotive manufacture Tüpraş Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Kocaeli 1983 Oil refining, part of Koç Holding Türk Telekom Telecommunications Fixed line telecommunications Ankara 1839 State-owned Telecommunication Turkcell Telecommunications Mobile telecommunications Istanbul 1994 State-owned Mobile phone operation Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Industrials Aerospace & defense Ankara 2005 State-owned Aircraft manufacture Turkish Airlines Consumer services Travel & leisure Istanbul 1933 Airline Türkiye Is Bankasi Financials Banks Istanbul 1924 Banking Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı (TPAO) Oil & gas Oil & gas producers Ankara 1954 State-owned Oil and gas industry TÜVASAŞ Industrials Industrial Transportation Adapazarı 1951 Railcar manufacturer Ugur Cooling Industrials General industrials Aydın 1954 Cooling equipment Ugur Group Companies Conglomerate - Aydın 1954 Consumer goods, medical Ülker Consumer goods Food & beverage Istanbul 1944 Food production VakıfBank Financials Banks Istanbul 1954 State-owned Banking Vakko Consumer goods Personal & household goods Istanbul 1934 Clothing Vestel Consumer goods Personal & household goods Manisa 1984 Home electronics Vitra Health care Health care equipment & services Istanbul 1942 Sanitary goods Yapi Merkezi Industrials Construction & materials Istanbul 1965 Construction Yapi ve Kredi Bankasi Financials Banks Istanbul 1944 Banking Yüksel Tohumculuk Consumer goods Food & beverage Antalya 1996 Seeds, plant breeding Ziraat Bankasi Financials Banks Ankara 1863 State-owned banking Zorlu Holding Conglomerate - Istanbul 1990 Textiles, electronics

See also Economy of Turkey

References