The following is a timeline of the Syrian civil war from November 2024. Information about aggregated casualty counts is found in casualties of the Syrian civil war.
On 27 November 2024, a coalition of Syrian opposition groups called the Military Operations Command led by Islamist Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) launched a lightning offensive against pro-government Syrian Arab Army (SAA) forces in Aleppo, Idlib, Hama and Homs Governorates in Syria. This was followed by other rebel offensives from the Southern Front, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), and the Syrian Free Army. The government continued to get some backing from its allies Russia and Iran, including Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and Hezbollah, although these allies were entangled in their own conflicts in Ukraine (see Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)) and Lebanon (see Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present), 2024 Israeli invasion of Lebanon and Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war).
In the Battle of Aleppo, 29 November to 2 December, HTS-led forces took Aleppo from the government. In the Southern Syria offensive, 29 November to December 2024, rebels organised in the Southern Operations Room, took most of Southern Syria. In the 2024 Hama offensive, 30 November to 5 December, rebels took Hama. In the Palmyra offensive, 6–7 December, US-backed rebels took Palmyra. The capital Damascus fell to rebels on 7–8 December. According to official state reports in Russian mass media and media footage, President Bashar al-Assad left Damascus by air to Moscow, where he was granted asylum, sealing the fall of his regime. That day, Israel launched an invasion of Syria's Quneitra Governorate, aiming to seize the UN buffer zone in the Golan Heights.
There was also fighting between the Turkish-backed rebel Syrian National Army (SNA) and the US-backed and Kurdish-led SDF in Northeastern Syria, in Operation Dawn of Freedom, 30 November to 12 December, part of a larger Turkish-backed offensive in northern Syria, to which the SDF responded with the East Aleppo offensive from late December, as well as some skirmishes between all these groups and the Islamic State (ISIS) in the Northeast (especially in the Deir ez-Zor offensive, 17 November to 3 December).
2024 November 2024 On 4 November, according to the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (SOHR), three SDF fighters and four government SAA soldiers were killed by SNA during clashes in Tell Abyad, north of Al-Raqqa.
On 17 November, according to SOHR, a SDF fighter was killed in an ISIS attack on military position.
On 19 November, according to SOHR, five SNA fighters were killed in an SDF infiltration operation in Abdouky Al-Kabeer Village west of Tel Abyad City.
On 20 November 2024, the Israeli Air Force conducted an airstrike on residential buildings and an industrial area in Palmyra in central Syria. According to the SOHR, the strikes killed at least 108 people, including 73 Iranian-backed Syrian militiamen and 29 foreign Iranian-backed militiamen, mostly members of the Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba of Iraq, as well as 15 Hezbollah militants. The strikes also injured more than 50 people.
On 21 November, according to SOHR, two SDF fighters were killed and 10 others were injured after an ISIS Improvised explosive device (IED) exploded targeting their vehicle near Al-Azbah junction in the northern countryside of Deir ez-Zor province.
On the same day, according to SOHR, an SAA soldier was killed and four others injured in an IED attack by ISIS cells in Al-Rasafah desert in south-western Al-Raqqah.
On 22 November, according to SOHR, two SDF fighters were killed in clashes with SNA fighters on the Abdouki frontline near the city of Tell Abyad.
On 23 November, according to SOHR, two SAA soldiers were killed after ISIS militants ambushed their vehicle in the al-Bishri desert, in the Deir ez-Zor countryside.
On 23 November, according to SOHR, two IRGC troops were killed and two injured in an ISIS attack in Deir Ezzor countryside.
On 24 November, according to SOHR, two SDF fighters were killed and one critically injured in an IED attack by ISIS in the Deir ez-Zor Province.
On the same day, according to SOHR, 15 SNA fighters were killed in an SDF infiltration attack on the Al-Daghlabash frontline in Aleppo countryside, while the Syrian Network for Human Rights reported SDF rocket attacks on al-Bab (in which two civilians were killed) and rockets striking mosques, schools and utilities.
On 25 November, according to SOHR, a SDF fighter was killed in clashes with SNA in the Afrin countryside.
On 25 November, according to SOHR, a National Defence Forces (NDF - government-loyalist militia) fighter was killed by ISIS cells in Al-Raqqah province.
On 25 November, according to SOHR, a SAA soldier was killed and 9 others injured in an IED attack occurred in Homs.
On 25 November, according to SOHR, two Hezbollah fighters were killed five injured in Israeli airstrike on Homs Province.
On 26 November, according to SOHR, two SDF fighters were killed in an attack by ISIS cells on Al-Hasakah and Al-Raqqah Highway.
HTS-led offensive in the Northwest
On 27 November, the HTS launched an offensive in the northwestern area of the Aleppo Governorate, capturing several towns and villages.
On 28 November, according to SOHR, a SDF fighter was killed by Turkish drone strike on north of Al-Raqqah province.
On 29 November 2024, Syrian opposition group Tahrir al-Sham, along with allied Turkish-backed groups in the Military Operations Command, entered the Syrian government-held city of Aleppo.
That day, according to SOHR, a SDF member was killed in Al-Qamishly by unidentified gunmen. According to SOHR, a SAA soldier was killed and 2 injured in an attack in Al-Suwaydaa Province. On 29 November, according to SOHR, 54 people were killed in Syria.
On 30 November 2024, opposition groups captured most of Aleppo amidst the collapse of pro-government forces. On 30 November, according to SOHR, a SAA soldier and three Bedouin tribe members were killed in Al-Suwaydaa. On 30 November, according to SOHR, 70 people were killed in Syria. On the same day, according to SOHR, three SNA fighters were killed in a Russian airstrike on their positions in Al-Karidiya frontline in Al-Bab countryside eastern of Aleppo.
The SOHR reported that at least 746 people were killed in Syria in the month of November 2024, the largest monthly death toll in nearly 60 months.
December 2024 On 1 December, as part of the renewed rebel advance into the southern Idlib and Hama Governorates, seven HTS fighters were killed in Khan Shaykhun by booby-trapped missiles in a former SAA warehouse that was abandoned by retreating government forces in the city.
On the same day, according to SOHR, opposition forces took control of Khanasir and As-Safira towns and Kuwayres military airbase in the eastern countryside of Aleppo. Nine SAA soldiers were killed during the fighting.
Furthermore, according to SOHR, six Iranian militiamen were killed in a local gunmen attack in Talbiseh.
According to SOHR, 13 civilians were killed by a Russian airstrike in Idlib city and 12 other people were killed in a Russian airstrike in Aleppo city centre including 2 HTS fighters.
On 2 December, according to Kurdish sources, the AANES General Security Directorate arrested an ISIS emir in the town of Al-Izba, north of Deir ez-Zor. They said the emir was responsible for several recent bombings and assassinations in the town.
According to SOHR, eight civilians were killed in a HTS rocket attack on Hama city. Four civilians were killed in a Russian airstrike near the directorate of health in Idlib city.
Heavy clashes began between Syrian Army forces and forces of HTS on the renewed Hama front in the towns of Karnaz and Suran. Clashes also occurred on the frontline in the Al-Ghab Plain, amid a failed HTS offensive where at least ten HTS members were killed attacking SAA positions.
On 2 December, according to SOHR, three SDF fighters were killed in a Turkish drone strike on their car on M4 Highway. Also on 2 December, a SAA soldier was killed and another injured by unidentified attackers in Al-Hasakah.
Between 2–3 December, according to SOHR, at least 68 people, including 23 Syrian opposition fighters, 29 government soldiers and 16 civilians were killed in Syria.
On 3 December, according to SOHR, a SDF fighter and a civilian were killed in clashes with SAA. Two civilians were killed in a Russian airstrike in Khan Shaykhun, southern Idlib. At least 17 SAA soldiers and 8 HTS fighters were killed in the clashes north of Hama on 3 December; two civilians were also killed by HTS shelling in the city. According to SOHR, at least 11 SDF/civilians, including a woman, were executed by SNA fighters amid many more Kurdish civilians being held captive and evacuated from the Al-Shuhabaa area and northern Aleppo countryside. Also on 3 December, six SAA soldiers were killed in an American airstrike near Deir ez Zor airport. The Syrian Network for Human Rights (SNHR), which is aligned with pro-Turkish opposition groups, reported that the SDF used a rocket launcher to fire multiple rockets at Jarablos city in eastern rural Aleppo governorate, killing two.
Between 3–4 December, according to SOHR, at least 129 people, including 70 Syrian opposition fighters, 47 SAA soldiers and 12 civilians were killed in Syria.
On 5 December 2024, opposition forces captured Hama.
On 6 December, advancing south on the M5 motorway from Hama, HTS-led rebels entered Al-Dar al-Kabirah, on the northern edge of Syria's third city Homs, where the government forces were expected to make their last stand. The government lost control of Deraa to local rebels, who gave government officers safe passage to Damascus. Civilian residents of Suwaida took control of their town from the government. The Russian government ordered its nationals to leave the country. Iran pledged extra support for the regime, while Israel struck targets on the Lebanese border to prevent Hezbollah engagement.
That day, the Deir ez-Zor Military Council, Kurdish and Arab fighters of the SDF took control of Deir ez-Zor city after government forces and Iran-backed militias withdrew. According to SOHR, a SDF fighter was killed and three others injured in a Turkish shelling of Manbij.
Fall of Damascus and Israeli incursion
On 7 December, rebel Syrian forces entered the capital city of Damascus, amid rumours that Bashar al-Assad had fled the nation. On that same day, according to SOHR, two SDF fighters were killed in a Turkish kamikaze drone strike in Manbij City.
On 8 December, Syrian opposition forces in the Operations Room to Liberate Damascus, who had been waiting for HTS-led forces to take Homs, captured Damascus, with thousands of government soldiers surrendering before fighting began.
On the same day, hours after the fall of the Assad regime, Israeli forces were sent to reinforce the UN's forces (UNDOF) in maintaining the UN buffer zone, citing concerns of extremist groups operating in the region after the dissolution of the Syrian Arab Army, while stating that they were not interested in interfering in events in Syria. Hours later, Israeli forces invaded and seized the UN buffer zone in the Golan Heights, declaring the 1974 disengagement agreement void. Additionally, they moved forces into Syrian territory, occupying the Druze towns of Khan Arnabeh and al-Baath. Israel later took complete control of Mount Hermon after taking control of the Syrian side without facing resistance.
Fighting in Manbij and Kobani in North, stabilisation of new government in Damascus
On 9 December, Turkish-backed SNA fighters captured the city of Manbij in northern Syria.