Agnes Jean Watt, RRC,Miss A., R.R.C., The London Hospital Gazette, 1918, Supplement to Issue 198, Part 2, 29; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London (26 January 1859 – 31 July 1946) was an influential nurse leader who oversaw the introduction of modern Nightingale style nursing whilst she was matron of the Radcliffe Infirmary, and for over a decade was Principal Matron in the TFNS, of the 3rd Southern General hospital, Oxford, 1909–1922.Rogers, Sarah (2022). 'A Maker of Matrons’? A study of Eva Lückes's influence on a generation of nurse leaders:1880–1919' (Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Huddersfield, April 2022)

Early life Agnes Jean Watt was born on 26 January 1859 in Birmingham.Watt. Agnes J., R39/1336/13361; England and Wales Register for Coulsdon and Purley Urban District Council, Surrey; The

National Archives, Kew [Available at: www.findmypast.co.uk, accessed on 6 January 2025] She was the first of two children born to her father John Porteous Watt, a travelling salesman, and his wife Jane.Agnes J. Watt, RG10/2971; 36; The General Record Office, The England and Wales Census 1871 for Handsworth, Birmingham; The National Archives, Kew [Available at: www.ancestry.co.uk, accessed on 30 April 2017] Watt's mother died when she was 7 years old, and her father remarried three years later, and had one daughter, a half sister for Watt.Amy Alsager Smith and John Porteous Watt, Married 1869,

Oct-Nov-Dec Registration Qtr; West Bromwich, Staffordshire, 6b/1046; England & Wales, Civil Registration Marriage Index, 1837-1915 [Available at: www.ancestry.co.uk, accessed on 6 January 2025]

Watt was a governess in 1881, before she commenced nurse training.Agnes Watt, Register of Probationers; RLHLH/N/1/3, 4; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, LondonAgnes Watt, RG11/1890, 69; The General Record Office, The England and Wales Census 1881 for Leiston, Suffolk; The National Archives, Kew [Available at: www.ancestry.co.uk, accessed on 30 April 2017]

Early career Watt commenced training at The London Hospital under matron Eva Luckes in September 1888. She was immediately appointed as a ward sister after she finished her training in 1890.Agnes Watt, Register of Sisters and Nurses; RLHLH/N/4/1, 103; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London In September 1892 she resigned because of problems at home, but returned the following year; initially as a holiday sister, and later she was promoted to ward sister again.

Matronship

In 1897 Watt was keen to apply for the matronship of The Radcliffe Infirmary. Florence Nightingale had discussed the vacancy with Sydney Holland, Chairman of The London Hospital.Letter from Florence Nightingale to Sydney Holland, 10, South Street, Park Lane, 27 April 1897; Papers of Miss Eva C.E. Lückes; RLHPP/LUC/1/17; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London With Holland and Eva Luckes's support, Watt was appointed Matron of the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, in March 1897, having faced stiff opposition for the job; 64 other candidates had applied for the post.Committee Meeting Minutes, 17 February 1897; Radcliffe Infirmary and County Hospital, Committee Minutes, 1895–1899; OHARI/C1/20, 140; Oxford Health Authority, Oxfordshire History Centre, Oxford The nursing press believed that Watt faced a difficult challenge in modernizing the hospital. Despite the hospital's difficult financial situation Watt oversaw improvements to the nursing department, nurse training and nurses accommodation, and in 1909 finally ensured that her nurses were paid the same as at other hospitals. Watt was matron for nearly 25 years and retired in 1921.Annual Report, 1921, 8; Radcliffe Infirmary and County Hospital, Oxford Annual Reports, 1921; OHARI/1/A14; Oxford Health Authority, Oxfordshire History Centre, Oxford.Committee of Management, 20 October 1920; Radcliffe Infirmary and County Hospital, Oxford Committee Minutes, 1917–1921;

OHARI/C1/23; Oxford Health Authority, Oxfordshire History Centre, Oxford.

Military service Whilst matron of the Radcliffe Infirmary Watt was appointed Principal Matron, TFNS, 3rd Southern General Hospital, Oxford in 1909.Annual Report, 1915, 7; Radcliffe Infirmary and County Hospital, Oxford Annual Reports, 1911–1915; OHARI/1/A8; Oxford Health Authority, Oxfordshire History Centre, Oxford. She held the post until 1922.Watt, Miss A., R.R.C., The London Hospital Gazette, 1918, Supplement to Issue 198, Part 2, 29; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and

Museums, London

Honours In 1916 Watt received the Royal Red Cross from the King at Buckingham Palace with her colleague Anna Baillie.

Retirement When she retired Watt was presented with a gold watch and a cheque for £250 in recognition for her hard work at the infirmary. Lord Valentia said she 'Had occupied the most important position in the Infirmary and had fully justified the high reputation with which she came.' At the start of the Second World War Watt was living with her half sister in Coulsdon and Purley, Surrey.Watt, Agnes Jean, The 1939 Register for England and Wales, Coulsdon and Purley Urban Council, Surrey, 1939 TNA_R39_1336_1336I_009 She died on 31 July 1946 in Caterham on the Hill, Surrey.Probate Record for Agnes Jean Watt, 3 January 1947; GRO for England and Wales.

References