Mbuyi is a Congolese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Andréa Mbuyi-Mutombo (born 1990), Congolese footballer Gabriel N'Galula (born 1982), Belgian footballer Joseph Mbuyi (1929–1960 or 1961), Congolese politician Malangu Kabedi Mbuyi (born 1958), Congolese economist Mukendi Mbuyi (born 1960), Congolese basketball player Steven Mbuyi Komphela (born 1967), South African soccer player and coach Victor-David Mbuyi Bipungu, Congolese-Canadian Anglican bishop