Colque is a surname, a variant spelling of Qullqi, the Aymara and Quechua word for silver or money. Notable people with the name include:
Juan Huanca Colque (b. 1966), a Bolivian politician Luis Soto Colque (b. 1973), a Peruvian biologist and sports journalist Percy Colque (b. 1976), a Bolivian former footballer Zacarías Colque (1967 – 2022), a Bolivian agricultural worker, politician, and trade unionist