Henschke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Francis Henschke (1892–1968), Australian Catholic bishop Ian Henschke (born 1955), Chief Advocate for National Seniors Australia Ulrike Henschke (1830–1897), German women's rights activist
See also Henschke, winery in South Australia Klabund (born Alfred Henschke, 1890–1928), German novelist