Sternheim or Shternheim is a German and Yiddish () surname. Notable people with the surname include:
(1909–1996), Brazilian film director and screenwriter, journalist, and writer (1878–1942), German painter and publicist Carl Sternheim (1878–1942), German playwright and short story writer (1881–1940), German screenwriter, film producer and production manager Maria Anna Antonia Sternheim, pen name of Marianne Ehrmann (1755–1795), one of the first women novelists, publicists and journalists in the German-speaking countries (1905–1954), German stage and costume designer and World War II resistance fighter in France Nachum Shternheim (1879–1942), Jewish poet, composer, and songwriter who wrote in Yiddish (1883–1971), German author