The 12th federal electoral district of Michoacán () is a defunct federal electoral district of the Mexican state of Michoacán.
During its existence, the 12th district returned one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. From 1979 onwards, votes cast in the district also counted towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the country's electoral regions.
Suspended in 1930, it was re-established as part of the 1977 political reforms. The restored 12th district was first contested in the 1979 mid-term election and it elected its final deputy in the 2021 mid-terms. It was dissolved by the National Electoral Institute (INE) in its 2023 redistricting process because the state's population no longer warranted 12 districts.
District territory + Evolution of electoral district numbers 1974 1978 1996 2005 2017 2023 Michoacán 9 13 13 12 12 11 Chamber of Deputies 196 300Sources:
2017–2022 In its final form, the 12th district covered 11 municipalities in the south-west of the state: Aguililla, Apatzingán, Aquila, Buenavista, Coahuayana, Coalcomán, Chinicuila, Nuevo Parangaricutiro, Peribán, Tancítaro and Tepalcatepec. The district's head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations were gathered together and tallied, was the city of Apatzingán de la Constitución.
2005–2017 Under the 2005 districting plan, Michoacán lost its 13th district. Between 2005 and 2017, the 12th district had the same configuration as under the 2017 scheme. The link contains comparative maps of the 2005 and 1996 schemes.
1996–2005 Under the 1996 districting scheme, the district's head town was at Apatzingán but its configuration was different: Aguililla, Apatzingán, Buenavista and Tancítaro, as in the later plans, plus Gabriel Zamora, La Huacana, Múgica, Nuevo Urecho and Parácuaro.
1978–1996 The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under the reforms, Michoacán's allocation rose from 9 to 13. The 12th district's head town was at Los Reyes and it comprised 11 municipalities: Charapan, Chilchota, Paracho, Peribán, Purépero, Los Reyes, Tancítaro, Tangancícuaro, Tinguindín, Tlazazalca and Tocumbo.
Deputies returned to Congress
+ Michoacán's 12th district Election Deputy Party Term LegislatureJosé Silva Herrera1916–1917Constituent Congressof Querétaro1917José Silva Herrera1917–19181918José Silva Herrera1918–192028th Congress 1920Rafael M. González1920–192229th CongressAlfredo Álvarez Treviño1922–19241924Alfredo Álvarez Treviño1924–192631st Congress1926Silviano Hurtado1926–192832nd Congress1928Silviano Hurtado1928–193033rd Congress The 12th district was suspended between 1930 and 19791979Abimael López Castillo1979–198251st Congress1982José Cervantes Acosta1982–198552nd Congress1985Leonel Villalobos Chávez1985–198853rd Congress1988Isidro Aguilera Ortiz1988–199154th Congress1991Medardo Méndez Alfaro1991–199455th Congress19941994–199756th Congress1997Lázaro Cárdenas Batel1997–200057th Congress2000Cuauhtémoc Montero Esquivel2000–200358th Congress2003Inelvo Moreno Álvarez2003–200659th Congress2006Irineo Mendoza Mendoza2006–200960th Congress2009José María Valencia Barajas2009–201261st Congress2012Salvador Ortiz García2012–201562nd Congress2015Omar Noé Bernardino Vargas2015–201863rd Congress20182018–202164th Congress2021 2021–202465th Congress
Presidential elections + Michoacán's 12th district Election District won by Party or coalition % 2018Andrés Manuel López Obrador Juntos Haremos Historia 55.2241
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