Crete and adjacent islands (Karpathos, Kasos, Saria, and smaller islets) are home to several dozen endemic species and subspecies of plants, together with two endemic genera, Horstrissea and Petromarula.Endemic plants of Kriti, World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) checklist builder. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 25 August 2024.

The World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions treats Crete and associated islands as a separate botanical country from Greece and the East Aegean Islands, although all three are politically part of the same country.

Plants are listed alphabetically by plant family.

Amaryllidaceae Allium bourgeaui subsp. creticum Allium circinnatum subsp. circinnatum Allium dilatatum Allium platakisii Allium tardans Sternbergia lutea subsp. greuteriana

Apiaceae Bupleurum gaudianum Bupleurum kakiskalae Chaerophyllum creticum Chrysophae cretica Eryngium ternatum Ferula thyrsiflora Ferulago thyrsiflora Geocaryum creticum Horstrissea – endemic genus Horstrissea dolinicola

Apocynaceae Vincetoxicum creticum

Araceae Arum idaeum Arum purpureospathum Biarum davisii Biarum tenuifolium subsp. idomenaeum

Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia cretica Bellevalia brevipedicellata Bellevalia juliana Bellevalia sitiaca

Asparagaceae Muscari spreitzenhoferi Ornithogalum creticum Ornithogalum insulare Prospero battagliae Prospero depressum Prospero hierapytnense Prospero idaeum Prospero minimum Prospero rhadamanthi Prospero talosii Scilla cretica Scilla cydonia Scilla nana

Aspleniaceae Asplenium creticum Asplenium × khaniense (A. creticum × A. trichomanes subsp. quadrivalens)

Asteraceae Anthemis abrotanifolia Anthemis abrotanifolia f. abrotanifolia Anthemis abrotanifolia f. ligulata Anthemis ammanthus subsp. paleacea – Kárpathos (incl. Saria I.) Anthemis chia f. inornata Anthemis filicaulis Anthemis glaberrima Anthemis pasiphaes Anthemis rigida subsp. antri-neptuni Anthemis samariensis Anthemis tomentella Bellis longifolia Carlina barnebiana Carlina curetum subsp. curetum Carlina diae Carlina sitiensis Carthamus rechingeri – Kárpathos Centaurea argentea subsp. chionantha Centaurea argentea subsp. macrothysana Centaurea baldaccii Centaurea idaea Centaurea lancifolia Centaurea poculatoris Centaurea redempta subsp. redempta Crepis auriculifolia Crepis bellidifolia Crepis fraasii subsp. mungieri Crepis neglecta subsp. cretica Crepis sibthorpiana Crepis tybakiensis Crepis tybakiensis var. flexiscapa Crepis tybakiensis var. tybakiensis Filago wagenitziana Helichrysum doerfleri Helichrysum heldreichii Hieracium schmidtii subsp. creticum Hypochaeris tenuiflora Lactuca alpestris Lophiolepis morinifolia Onopordum bracteatum subsp. creticum Phagnalon pygmaeum Pseudopodospermum idaeum Ptilostemon chamaepeuce var. elegans Senecio fruticulosus Staehelina petiolata Tragopogon lassithicus

Boraginaceae Alkanna sieberi Cynoglossum sphacioticum Myosotis solange

Brassicaceae Alyssum idaeum Alyssum lassiticum Alyssum sphacioticum Arabis cretica Draba cretica Erysimum candicum Erysimum candicum subsp. candicum Erysimum candicum subsp. carpathum Erysimum creticum Erysimum mutabile Erysimum raulinii Noccaea cretica Noccaea zaffranii Odontarrhena baldaccii Odontarrhena fragillima Ricotia cretica Ricotia isatoides

Campanulaceae Campanula aizoides Campanula carpatha – Kárpathos, Kasos, Saria. Campanula cretica Campanula creutzburgii Campanula dimitrii – Kárpathos Campanula hierapetrae Campanula jacquinii Campanula pelviformis Campanula pinatzii Campanula saxatilis subsp. saxatilis Campanula spatulata subsp. filicaulis Campanula tubulosa Petromarula Petromarula pinnata

Caprifoliaceae Lomelosia albocincta Lomelosia minoana Lomelosia minoana subsp. asterusica Lomelosia minoana subsp. minoana Lomelosia sphaciotica Lomelosia sphaciotica subsp. decalvans Lomelosia sphaciotica subsp. sphaciotica Valeriana sieberi

Caryophyllaceae Bolanthus creutzburgii Bufonia stricta subsp. cecconiana Cerastium brachypetalum subsp. doerfleri Cerastium deschatresii Cerastium scaposum Cerastium scaposum subsp. peninsularum Cerastium scaposum subsp. scaposum Cherleria wettsteinii Dianthus candicus Dianthus fruticosus subsp. carpathus Dianthus fruticosus subsp. creticus Dianthus fruticosus subsp. sitiacus Dianthus juniperinus subsp. aciphyllus Dianthus juniperinus subsp. bauhinorum Dianthus juniperinus subsp. heldreichii Dianthus juniperinus subsp. idaeus Dianthus juniperinus subsp. kavusicus Dianthus juniperinus subsp. pulviniformis Dianthus sphacioticus Dianthus xylorrhizus Petrorhagia dianthoides Silene ammophila Silene ammophila subsp. ammophila Silene ammophila subsp. carpathae – Kárpathos Silene antri-jovis Silene flavescens subsp. dictaea Silene insularis – Kárpathos Silene integripetala subsp. greuteri Silene pinetorum Silene pinetorum subsp. pinetorum Silene pinetorum subsp. sphaciotica Silene sieberi Silene variegata Telephium imperati subsp. pauciflorum

Colchicaceae Colchicum cretense

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus argyrothamnos Cuscuta atrans

Crassulaceae Sedum creticum subsp. creticum – Crete and Kárpathos Sedum eriocarpum subsp. spathulifolium Sedum litoreum var. creticum Sedum praesidis

Cyperaceae Carex idaea

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia myrsinites subsp. rechingeri Euphorbia sultan-hassei

Fabaceae Astragalus angustifolius subsp. echinoides Astragalus creticus Astragalus creticus subsp. creticus Astragalus creticus subsp. minoicus Astragalus dolinicola Astragalus idaeus Astragalus nummularius subsp. nummularius Coronilla globosa Ebenus cretica Lathyrus neurolobus Medicago arborea subsp. strasseri Onobrychis sphaciotica Ononis verae Trifolium phitosianum

Hypericaceae Hypericum aciferum Hypericum amblycalyx Hypericum empetrifolium subsp. oliganthum Hypericum empetrifolium subsp. tortuosum Hypericum jovis Hypericum kelleri Hypericum trichocaulon

Iridaceae Crocus oreocreticus Crocus pumilus Crocus ruksansii Crocus sieberi

Lamiaceae Clinopodium creticum Micromeria carpatha – Kárpathos Micromeria hispida Micromeria sphaciotica – Kárpathos Nepeta sphaciotica Origanum dictamnus Origanum × karpathicum (O. onites × O. vetteri) – Kárpathos Origanum microphyllum Origanum × minoanum (O. microphyllum × O. vulgare subsp. hirtum) Origanum vetteri Phlomis × commixta Phlomis lanata Phlomis pichleri Phlomis × sieberi Phlomis × vierhapperi Prunella cretensis Scutellaria hirta Scutellaria sieberi Sideritis syriaca subsp. syriaca Stachys mucronata Teucrium alpestre Teucrium cuneifolium Teucrium gracile Teucrium montbretii subsp. heliotropiifolium Thymbra calostachya Thymus leucotrichus var. creticus

Liliaceae Fritillaria messanensis subsp. sphaciotica Gagea omalensis Tulipa cretica

Linaceae Linum caespitosum Linum doerfleri

Orchidaceae × Anacamptorchis salkowskiana Cephalanthera cucullata Ophrys × antiskariensis (O. bombyliflora × O. cretica) Ophrys × baumanniana (O. cretica × O. sphegodes) Ophrys × plorae (O. cretica × O. spruneri) Ophrys × regis-minois (O. cretica × O. scolopax subsp. heldreichii) Ophrys × vamvakiae (O. cretica × O. lutea) Ophrys × varvarae (O. cretica × O. fusca) × Orchinea hermaniana (Neotinea tridentata × Orchis anatolica) Orchis sitiaca Orchis spitzelii subsp. nitidifolia Orchis × thriftiensis (O. anatolica × O. pauciflora) Serapias × sitiae nothosubsp. sitiae (S. lingua × S. orientalis subsp. orientalis) Serapias × wettsteinii nothosubsp. wettsteinii (S. bergonii × S. orientalis subsp. orientalis)

Paeoniaceae Paeonia clusii subsp. clusii – Crete and Kárpathos

Papaveraceae Corydalis uniflora

Plantaginaceae Chaenorhinum minus subsp. idaeum Veronica glauca subsp. kavusica

Plumbaginaceae Acantholimon androsaceum var. androsaceum Limonium calliopsium Limonium carpathum – Kárpathos (near Vrondi) Limonium cornarianum – southeast Crete Limonium creticum Limonium elaphonisicum Limonium frederici Limonium hierapetrae Limonium pigadiense – Kárpathos Limonium rigidum Limonium stenotatum Limonium vanandense – Kárpathos Limonium xerocamposicum

Poaceae Brachypodium sylvaticum subsp. creticum Catapodium borgesii Dactylis glomerata subsp. rigida Festuca polita subsp. cretica Sesleria doerfleri

Polygonaceae Polygonum idaeum

Primulaceae Cyclamen confusum Cyclamen creticum Cyclamen graecum subsp. candicum Adonis cretica

Ranunculaceae Anemone hortensis subsp. heldreichii – Crete and Kárpathos Clematis elisabethae-carolae – Sfakia Prov. Nigella carpatha – Kárpathos and Kasos Ranunculus cupreus Ranunculus radinotrichus – western Crete (Levka Ori) Ranunculus veronicae

Rosaceae Sanguisorba cretica

Rubiaceae Cynanchica idaea – mountains of Crete Galium citraceum SC. & S. Greece to Kriti Galium extensum Galium fruticosum Galium incanum subsp. creticum Galium incrassatum Galium incurvum – mountains of Crete Hexaphylla pubescens Thliphthisa crassula Thliphthisa rigida

Salicaceae Salix kaptarae

Santalaceae Viscum album subsp. creticum

Scrophulariaceae Verbascum arcturus Verbascum × atchleyianum (V. sinuatum × V. spinosum) Verbascum × innominatum (V. macrurum × V. sinuatum) Verbascum spinosum

Tamaricaceae Tamarix minoa

Ulmaceae Zelkova abelicea

Violaceae Viola alba subsp. cretica – mountains of Crete

References