Vienna (National Council electoral district)

Vienna (), also known as Electoral District 9 (), is one of the nine multi-member state electoral districts of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament, the national legislature of Austria. The electoral district was created as Electoral Union I () in 1923 when electoral regulations were amended to add electoral unions to the existing electoral districts. It was renamed Vienna in 1971 following the re-organisation of electoral districts across Austria. It is conterminous with the city-state of Vienna. The electoral district currently elects 33 of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 legislative election the constituency had 1,149,664 registered electors.

History Electoral Union I was one four electoral unions () established by the "Electoral Regulations for the National Council" () passed by the National Council in 1923 and was conterminous with the city of Vienna. It was divided into seven lower tier electoral districts - Vienna Inner East, Vienna Inner West, Vienna North East, Vienna North West, Vienna South East, Vienna South West and Vienna West - which together had 45 seats. In 1934 the rump National Council (), controlled by the fascist Christian Social Party as the Social Democratic Workers' Party had been banned, imposed the May constitution () which replaced the democratic First Austrian Republic with the corporate authoritarian Federal State of Austria.

The fascists were defeated by the Allies in 1945 and democracy restored. The electoral system which existed prior to 1934, including the electoral districts, were largely restored by the constitutional law of October 1945. The seven lower tier electoral districts in Electoral Union I together had 46 seats. Electoral regulations require the allocation of seats amongst the electoral districts to be recalculated following each national census and in October 1952 the number of seats allocated to Electoral Union I was reduced to 40 based on the population as at the 1951 national census. Liesing, which had been incorporated into the city of Vienna as its 23rd district in 1954, was added to Vienna South West/Electoral Union I in December 1958. The number of seats allocated to Electoral Union I was reduced to 38 in May 1962 based on the population as at the 1961 national census.

The "National Council Election Regulations 1971" () passed by the National Council in November 1970 replaced the lower tier electoral districts with nine state electoral districts () conterminous with the nine states of Austria. Two upper tier electoral unions were created and Vienna was grouped together with the states of Burgenland and Lower Austria to form Electoral Union I (also known as Electoral Union East). The newly created Vienna electoral district was initially allocated 42 seats in January 1971. The number of seats allocated to Vienna was reduced to 39 in February 1972 based on the population as at the 1971 national census. The number of seats allocated to Vienna was reduced to 35 in February 1982 based on the population as at the 1981 national census. However, in December 1982 the Constitutional Court ruled that this allocation of seats was unlawful and in February 1983 the number of seats allocated to Vienna was increased to 36.

The "National Council Electoral Regulations 1992" () passed by the National Council in 1992 established 43 regional electoral districts (), a new third tier of electoral districts, whilst keeping the state electoral districts. Vienna was divided into seven regional electoral districts - Vienna Inner East, Vienna Inner South, Vienna Inner West, Vienna North, Vienna North West, Vienna South and Vienna South West. Vienna was allocated 34 seats in May 1993. The number of seats allocated to Vienna was reduced to 33 in September 2002 based on the population as at the 2001 national census.

Electoral system 1994 to date Vienna currently elects 33 of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. The allocation of seats is carried out in three stages. In the first stage, seats are allocated to parties (lists) at the regional level using a state-wide Hare quota () (valid votes in the state divided by the number of seats in the state). In the second stage, seats are allocated to parties at the state/provincial level using the state-wide Hare quota (any seats won by the party at the regional stage are subtracted from the party's state seats). In the third and final stage, seats are allocated to parties at the federal/national level using the D'Hondt method (any seats won by the party at the regional and state stages are subtracted from the party's federal seats). Only parties that reach the 4% national threshold, or have won a seat at the regional stage, compete for seats at the state and federal stages.

Electors may cast one preferential vote for individual candidates at the regional, state and federal levels. Split-ticket voting (panachage), or voting for more than one candidate at each level, is not permitted and will result in the ballot paper being invalidated. At the regional level, candidates must receive preferential votes amounting to at least 14% of the valid votes cast for their party to over-ride the order of the party list (10% and 7% respectively for the state and federal levels). Prior to April 2013 electors could not cast preferential votes at the federal level and the thresholds candidates needed to over-ride the party list order were higher at the regional level (half the Hare quota or of the party votes) and state level (Hare quota).

1971 to 1994 Allocation of seats was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, seats were allocated to parties at the state level using the Hare quota. In the second stage, surplus votes and unallocated seats from the first stage were aggregated at the electoral union level and allocated to parties using the D'Hondt method. Only parties that won a seat at the state stage, in any state, competed for seats at the electoral union stage. Electors could cast one preferential vote for individual candidates at the state level but a candidate needed to receive preferential votes amounting to at least the Hare quota to over-ride the party list order. The allocation of seats to candidates at the electoral union level was based solely on party list order i.e. a closed list.

1923 to 1971 Allocation of seats was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, seats were allocated to parties at the district level using the Droop quota (also known as the Hagenbach-Bischoff method). In the second stage, surplus votes and unallocated seats from the first stage were aggregated at the electoral union level and allocated to parties using the D'Hondt method. Only parties that won a seat at the district stage, in any district, competed for seats at the electoral union stage.

Electors could also cast preferential votes for individual candidates either by voting for the list in the order submiited by the party or by ranking the candidates in preferred order. Candidates were then awarded points using the Borda count with the top candidate receiving as many points as there were candidates on the list etc. If a voter choose to rank individual candidates but did not award rankings to some the candidates on the list, these candidates were awarded the remaining points in order of their position on the party list. If a voter had struck out any candidate on the list that candidate did not receive any points. The seats won by the party were allocated to the candidates with the most points on the list.

Election results Summary Election CommunistsKPÖ+ / KPÖ /KLS / VO / LB / KPÖ Social DemocratsSPÖ / SDAPÖ GreensGRÜNE / ALÖ NEOSNEOS / LiF People'sÖVP / CSP-HW /EL / CSP FreedomFPÖ / WdU / DPÖ colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 colspan=3 Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats2019 6,432 0.78% 0 222,554 27.11% 8 169,866 20.69% 6 80,964 9.86% 3 202,180 24.63% 8 105,289 12.83% 42017 11,991 1.38% 0 300,664 34.49% 11 51,398 5.90% 0 56,323 6.46% 2 188,273 21.60% 7 186,088 21.35% 72013 13,187 1.66% 0 251,623 31.64% 10 130,492 16.41% 5 60,812 7.65% 2 115,316 14.50% 4 163,501 20.56% 62008 9,057 1.08% 0 292,371 34.79% 11 134,096 15.96% 5 34,880 4.15% 0 140,530 16.72% 5 171,658 20.43% 62006 9,841 1.22% 0 331,828 41.04% 13 140,508 17.38% 5 176,524 21.83% 7 112,098 13.86% 42002 5,197 0.61% 0 373,436 43.77% 14 129,141 15.14% 4 10,061 1.18% 0 261,496 30.65% 10 67,975 7.97% 21999 7,081 0.88% 0 305,225 37.85% 12 83,274 10.33% 3 56,131 6.96% 0 136,966 16.99% 5 199,758 24.77% 81995 3,421 0.39% 0 383,991 43.98% 14 52,764 6.04% 2 75,349 8.63% 2 170,659 19.55% 6 175,217 20.07% 61994 3,537 0.43% 0 313,678 38.48% 13 79,543 9.76% 3 82,144 10.08% 3 139,688 17.14% 5 185,206 22.72% 71990 6,777 0.83% 0 416,022 50.70% 18 62,560 7.62% 2 173,086 21.09% 7 129,062 15.73% 51986 9,345 1.02% 0 477,557 52.35% 18 55,571 6.09% 2 303,109 33.23% 11 52,525 5.76% 21983 9,620 0.98% 0 554,663 56.57% 20 13,696 1.40% 0 329,883 33.64% 12 42,948 4.38% 11979 15,003 1.49% 0 610,360 60.60% 23 334,088 33.17% 12 47,694 4.74% 11975 20,739 1.99% 0 624,072 59.84% 23 354,453 33.99% 13 42,638 4.09% 11971 22,941 2.13% 0 641,596 59.49% 24 365,266 33.87% 14 46,794 4.34% 11970 15,689 1.48% 0 622,923 58.66% 23 371,027 34.94% 14 43,182 4.07% 11966 18,636 1.65% 0 557,496 49.37% 21 427,760 37.88% 16 45,527 4.03% 11962 57,287 5.04% 0 595,265 52.42% 22 391,985 34.52% 14 74,855 6.59% 21959 64,794 5.81% 0 584,486 52.38% 23 383,534 34.37% 15 83,077 7.44% 21956 96,618 8.54% 2 562,763 49.74% 22 406,570 35.93% 15 63,462 5.61% 11953 93,938 7.98% 2 590,532 50.15% 22 362,148 30.75% 13 124,683 10.59% 31949 89,710 7.85% 3 565,440 49.51% 24 401,854 35.18% 17 79,149 6.93% 21945 70,307 7.91% 2 508,214 57.15% 28 310,803 34.95% 16 1930 10,601 0.89% 0 703,418 58.98% 30 282,879 23.72% 11 1927 7,521 0.65% 0 693,621 59.62% 29 423,615 36.41% 16 1923 13,564 1.32% 0 571,464 55.53% 27 337,783 32.83% 16

Detailed

2010s 2019 Results of the 2019 legislative election held on 29 September 2019:

Party ViennaInner East ViennaInner South ViennaInner West ViennaNorth ViennaNorth West ViennaSouth ViennaSouth West Totalvotes % Seats Votes Seats Votes Seats Votes Seats Votes Seats Votes Seats Votes Seats Votes Seats Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 22,046 0 19,040 0 14,315 0 47,968 1 29,006 1 51,006 2 39,173 1 222,554 27.11% 5 3 8 Austrian People's Party ÖVP 14,571 0 17,917 0 16,990 0 42,688 1 33,561 1 34,208 1 42,245 1 202,180 24.63% 4 4 8 The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 18,363 0 22,548 0 24,037 0 22,255 0 30,650 1 20,526 0 31,487 1 169,866 20.69% 2 4 6 Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 8,227 0 6,786 0 4,926 0 28,861 1 12,396 0 25,235 1 18,858 0 105,289 12.83% 2 2 4 NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum NEOS 6,347 0 9,627 0 10,517 0 12,884 0 15,297 0 9,750 0 16,542 0 80,964 9.86% 0 3 3 JETZT JETZT 2,153 0 2,669 0 2,795 0 4,515 0 3,880 0 3,836 0 4,446 0 24,294 2.96% 0 0 0 KPÖ Plus KPÖ+ 752 0 724 0 643 0 1,043 0 1,008 0 1,207 0 1,055 0 6,432 0.78% 0 0 0 The Beer Party BIER 421 0 359 0 256 0 1,391 0 547 0 1,097 0 875 0 4,946 0.60% 0 0 0 Der Wandel WANDL 463 0 475 0 401 0 830 0 709 0 749 0 762 0 4,389 0.53% 0 0 0Valid Votes 73,343 0 80,145 0 74,880 0 162,435 3 127,054 3 147,614 4 155,443 3 820,914 100.00% 13 16 29Rejected Votes 558 440 347 1,653 883 1,546 1,142 6,653 0.80% Total Polled 73,901 80,585 75,227 164,088 127,937 149,160 156,585 827,567 71.98% Registered Electors 106,083 107,413 94,800 234,239 170,992 225,324 210,813 1,149,664 Turnout 69.66% 75.02% 79.35% 70.05% 74.82% 66.20% 74.28% 71.98%

The following candidates were elected: