General Orson Minott Oviatt (1799 – 1869) was a wealthy merchant, abolitionist, politician and military officer from Richfield, Ohio. He was the city postmaster for many years, county commissioner, and the cofounder the Academic Institution of Richfield. He gave land to the city and became the namesake of Oviatt-Newton Park. He was also the father-in-law of the Mayor of Cleveland, George W. Gardner, an early business partner of John D. Rockefeller.
Early life
Orson Minott Oviatt was born on February 24, 1799, to Eunice Newton and Col. Heman Oviatt, a family of French origin.DAVID HUDSON AND HEMAN OVIATT. Ohio Arch. and His. Society Publications, Ohio History Journal, Accessed March 15, 2024The Summit County, Beacon Thu, Aug 08, 1901 ·Page 2 His father was a wealthy merchant and one of the original settlers of Hudson, Ohio, with pioneer David Hudson. He became the first Mayor of Hudson and a board director of Western Reserve College.Heman Oviatt and the Oviatt Professorship, College of Arts and Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, July 6, 2020 Oviatt was a cousin of Col. Morris Benjamin Oviatt, and Mason Oviatt, who built the Oviatt House used as a station of the Underground Railroad.Oviatt House picked as key Underground Railroad site by National Park Service, Sue Serdinak, ScripType Publishing Co., May 28, 2021Richfield home with ties to Underground Railroad will be preserved, Mark J. Price, Akron Beacon Journal, August 3, 2021OUR STORY, Oviatt House, Richfied, Ohio, Accessed March 16, 2024
Biography
Oviatt attended Moses Hallock's school during his youth, along with John Brown and his brother. They then studied under the auspices of Vaill and Reverend William R. Weeks, the headmaster, and at Litchfield Academy in Connecticut.John Brown: The Cost of Freedom, Louis A. DeCaro, International Publishers, New York, 2007, p. 150 Oviatt became associated with the Chippewa Indians in Connecticut, where his father had a small store, and learned to speak their language. He arrived in Richfield, Ohio, around 1820 and built a house and a store. His enterprise, Oviatt & Porter Co., would become the trading center of the city for over 50 years.
His store would also become the first store in the city as well as its first post office. One of Oviatt's worker who worked at his 4,000 acres family farm was reformer John Brown, one of the future leaders of the American abolitionist movement, who was a friend of the Oviatt family. Oviatt is also recorded making an agreement with John Brown, and being one of his correspondents during the 1840s.Brown and Oviatt Agreement, Boyd B. Stutler Collection, Ms78-1, January 2, 1842 He was involved in the abolitionist cause with Brown. They were old friends and had been together in Connecticut, when Brown wanted to go to Amherst College and enter the ministry.To purge this land with blood : a biography of John Brown, Stephen B. Oates, 2nd edition, University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, 1984, p. 13-329John Brown, 1800-1859; a biography fifty years after, Villard, Oswald Garrison, Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, 1911, p. 17
In 1825, 1829 and 1835, Oviatt was elected Postmaster of Richfield under Postmaster General William T. Barry.Names and Offices, General Post Office, October, 1829, p. 1-90 In 1830, Oviatt gave land for the building of the Congregational Church, which became the third church in the Western Reserve. In 1830, he was nominated as a candidate for the office of Senator for the upcoming elections, representing the counties of Cuyahoga, Lorrain and Medina, in the Ohio State Senate.Annals of Cleveland, United States. Work Projects Administration (Ohio), Cleveland Public Library, 1938, p. 150-220 In 1835, he was nominated with 4 others by the Ohio House of Representatives to establish an academic institution in the town of Richfield, Ohio.
They established its corporation and named it the Academic Institution of Richfield.Acts of the State of Ohio, Volume 33, Columbus, December 1, 1834, p. 199-200 In 1841, Oviatt and his wife Lucretia donated land to establish a public park in the city through the Congregational Society, which would later be renamed in their honor as the Oviatt-Newton Park.A Resolution Renaming Town Park, Offered by All Council of Richfield, Resolution No. 41-2013, June 14, 2013, p. 1-2 In 1842, Oviatt is re-elected as postmaster of Richfield.United States Official Postal Guide, United States. Post Office Department, J. & G. S. Gideon Co., Washington, 1842, p. 169 In 1845, he established with his wife the East Richfield Cemetery, also known as the Fairview Cemetery, though a land gift to the First Congregational Society.Early Richfield History, Richfield History, Richfield Historical Society, Accessed, March 16, 2024
In 1847, he entered into a partnership with the son of Capt. Tomlinson, dealing in livestock.Henry Tomlinson and his Descendants, Rev. Samuel Orcutt, Press of Price, Lee & Adkins Co., New Haven, Connecticut, 1891, p. 119 While the partners split about a year later, Oviatt would become a wealthy merchant in Richfield, and have large businesses in Cleveland.The Biographical Cyclopædia and Portrait Gallery, State of Ohio, Volume IV, Western Biographical Publishing Co., Cincinnati, Ohio, 1887, p. 1057Memorial to the Pioneer Women of the Western Reserve, Volume 1, Gertrude Van Rensselaer Wickham, July, 1896, p. 112
Family life Orviatt was married to Lucretia Ward, granddaughter of Rev. Ephraim Ward of the Ephraim Ward House in Massachusetts. They had five children: Eunice Newton, Minott Orson, Henry and Louis.Cott, Charles M. History of the Newton and Oviatt Families, Columbus, Ohio, 1875. Page 26-28 Their daughter Rosaline married to mayor George W. Gardner, brother of Rev. Theodore Yale Gardner, members of the Yale family.The Berkshire County Eagle, Wed, May 18, 1938 ·Page 12 His son, Col. Minott Oviatt Jr., became County Commissioner of Summit County, Ohio, and one of his granddaughters married an editor of The North American in Philadelphia.Plain Dealer - July 19, 1901, Accessed March 15, 2024Akron Evening Times, Sat, Jul 20, 1901 ·Page 11The Akron Beacon Journal, Sat, Mar 30, 1907 ·Page 16
His son was also one of the proprietors of the Akron Live Stock Association, owning a 20,000 acres ranch in New Mexico, with Oviatt as manager.The Summit County Beacon, Wed, Oct 18, 1882 ·Page 4
Later life
Gen. Oviatt inherited from his father vast asheries, tanneries, and merchandise trade from the area, having a virtual monopoly over the region. Their 4,000 acres family estate, which covered most of the town of Richfield, Ohio, was obtained from their service during the American War of Independence. As they had previously lost their land in Connecticut to the British, they were awarded this new territory.
He served for two consecutive terms as County Commissioner of Summit County, Ohio, from 1868 to 1874.The Summit County Beacon, Wed, Apr 13, 1887 ·Page 6The Summit County Beacon, Wed, Sep 30, 1874 ·Page 2 Gen. Orson M. Oviatt built in 1868 a mansion at 3758 Brecksville Road, in Richfield, Ohio, which later became the Richfield Historical Society.Historic home becomes boutique bed and breakfast, Laura Straub, Scriptype Publishing Co., November 27, 2019 It is now part of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Summit County, Ohio.Echoes Magazine, July & August 2021, p. 13
He died on September 15, 1869, in Richfield, Ohio, and was buried at Woodland Cemetery in Cleveland."Local Splinters". The Daily Cleveland Herald. September 16, 1869. p. 1.
References