Parliamentary elections will take place on or before 30 November 2028 to elect the 136 members of the Senate and the 330 members of the Chamber of Deputies. They will be the 11th parliamentary elections in post-1989 Romania (i.e. after the Romanian revolution).

Background After the 2024 Romanian parliamentary election, a pro-European coalition was formed between the centre-left Social Democratic Party (PSD), the centre-right National Liberal Party (PNL), the centre-right Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ), and Romanian ethnic minority parties. The liberal reformist Save Romania Union (USR) party also initially signed an agreement to enter government but subsequently went into opposition.

Following the results of the first round of the 2025 Romanian presidential election in which government-endorsed Crin Antonescu failed to advance to the runoff, Ciolacu announced that Social Democratic Party would leave the coalition and resigned from the position of Prime Minister of Romania. Ciolacu stated that after seeing how Romanians had voted, "the governing coalition has no legitimacy, at least in this component", and at the same time PSD ministers remained in the government on the interim basis.

On 6 May 2025, interim President Ilie Bolojan appointed Cătălin Predoiu to serve as interim Prime Minister. The presidential election was won by Bucharest mayor Nicușor Dan, who appointed Bolojan as the next Prime Minister on 23 June, leading a grand coalition with the same parties and Save Romania Union (USR). On 23 April 2026, the Social Democratic Party left the grand coalition, leaving it with a minority in parliament.

On 5 May 2026, a motion of no confidence initiated by the PSD and AUR toppled the incumbent Bolojan government, although snap elections are still considered unlikely.

Electoral system Both the 331 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 136 members of the Senate are elected in 43 multi-member constituencies based on Romania's 41 counties, the municipality of Bucharest, as well as the Romanian diaspora using party-list proportional representation. Law no. 208/2015 outlines that each constituency is to be awarded one deputy every 73,000 people and one senator every 168,000 people in accordance with the population data collected on 1 January of the previous year by the National Institute of Statistics (INS). Constituencies cannot have less than 4 deputies and 2 senators.

Parties must pass an electoral threshold of 5% of the national vote or at least 20% of the vote in four constituencies. Electoral alliances must pass a higher threshold, namely 8% for those with two member-parties, 9% for three and 10% for alliances of more. Further seats (currently 19) can be added in the Chamber of Deputies for ethnic minority groups that compete in the elections and pass a lower threshold (5% of the votes needed to win a seat in the lower chamber, calculated by dividing the number of votes of parties, alliances and independent candidates that passed the threshold by the amount of seats that they won).

Following the elections, seats are allocated to the candidates of successful parties and lists in several stages, starting with constituencies, where seats are distributed according to the Hare quota of the constituency. Unused votes are then transferred and congregated at the national level, where remaining seats are distributed using the D'Hondt method, to ensure overall proportionality between a party's national vote share and its share of parliamentary seats. These remaining seats are then allocated to party candidates within the constituencies, based on the party results in each constituencies.

Opinion polls

Political polling in Romania has generally been associated with higher error rates compared to the European average. Among Romanian pollsters, INSCOP has recorded the lowest pre-election error rate at 14.0%, while CSPS (Centrul pentru Studii Politice și Sociologice) has been identified as having the highest, at 60.0%. Marius Lulea, the owner of CSPS, previously served as the first vice president of a political party. Several reports have also documented connections between certain pollsters and political actors.

Party polls

+DatePoll sourceSample sizePSDAURPNLUSRSOSPOTUDMRPMPFDREPERSENSDREPT OthersLead16–22 Sep 2026CURS1,10025341883525912–22 Sep 2026Avangarde1,02023361683251123131–7 Sep 2026INSCOP1,10018.739.716.392.72.75.54.11.221.014–24 Jul 2026CURS1,10823342193461130 Jun–3 Jul 2026ARP1,77417.936.422.410.52.91.34.91.30.61.91429 Jun–2 Jul 2026IRES1,00221401710213241911–14 May 2026INSCOP1,10017.538.220.3102.91.952.51.817.91–14 May 2026CURS1,6642432201035681 May 2026USR1,14514.1332115.316.61228 Apr–1 May 2026CURS1,098233418103255111–10 Apr 2026ARP1,18717.235.814.211.263.35.51.41.82.6118.61–7 Apr 2026INSCOP1,10020.137.015.512.72.83.64.32.41.716.926 Mar–4 Apr 2026Sociopol1,0081836161811401231823–27 Mar 2026CURS1,51724331694356910–17 Mar 2026Avangarde1,0002235141132511213132–6 Mar 2026INSCOP1,10019.23814.511.43.3343.6318.814–23 Jan 2026CURS1,0672335181052521212–15 Jan 2026INSCOP1,10018.240.913.511.72.81.54.93.43.122.710–19 Dec 2025CURS1,06722351995352134–17 Dec 2025IRES1,012213618112321331525 Oct–2 Nov 2025INSCOP3,00019.53814.612.31.73.14.83.22.818.514–26 Oct 2025CURS1,036243515104741116–10 Oct 2025INSCOP1,10017.64014.811.522.65.23.42.922.45–19 Sep 2025CURS1,100233416125352119–18 Sep 2025Avangarde1,300194113122261112221–9 Sep 2025INSCOP1,10317.940.815.212.82.83.342.11.222.921–23 Jul 2025Sociopol1,0022138151212511311715–23 Jul 2025INSOMAR1,0121736.514.413.21.92.54.90.70.50.77.719.510–12 Jul 2025FlashData7,500183816161.50.54.55.5204–10 Jul 2025CURS1,0672038151244521820–26 Jun 2025INSCOP1,15013.740.517.313.11.94.25.22.41.923.226–30 May 2025INSCOP1,15017.438.11612.22.53.24.53.32.820.726–30 May 2025CURS1,2872435141452511126–28 May 2025Sociopol1,0011736141223622331923–28 May 2025Avangarde1,3002032161543511121224–26 Apr 2025FlashData7,50019261592342273–5 Apr 2025FlashData7,50018.52713143.543178.524–28 Mar 2025Verifield1,10021.231.71512.93.675.11.20.80.60.910.514–16 Feb 20257,50021.227.912.3195.66.73.41.10.61.11.16.721–25 Jan 20251,1002422151351056210–16 Jan 20251,3542229131385432171 Dec 20242024 Chamber election21.9618.0113.2012.407.366.466.332.051.242.991.166.843.952024 Senate election22.3018.3014.2812.267.766.396.381.881.372.841.2454

Age groups

DatePoll sourceSample sizeAge groupPSDAURPNLUSRSOSPOTUDMRSENSOthers 25 Oct–2 Nov 2025 INSCOP 3,000 18 to 29 years 9 34 13 14 3 5 3 16 3 30 to 44 years 8 50 11 18 1 3 3 1 2 45 to 59 years 15 41 19 12 2 2 6 1 1 60 years and older 38 28 15 7 2 3 6 - 2

Politician approval ratings

+DatePoll sourceSample sizeGrindeanuPSDSimionAURDungaciuAURBolojanPNLPredoiuPNLCiucuPNLFritzUSRȘoșoacăSOSGavrilăPOTKelemenUDMRDanInd.GeorgescuInd.PontaInd. 2–6 Mar 2026INSCOP1,10012 34.37.825.115.714.927.620.910–19 Dec 2025CURS1,0672537252715161235405–19 Sep 2025CURS1,10026382619191934404–10 Jul 2025CURS1,06726 3832221916243826–30 May 2025INSCOP1,15012.933.942.216.426.7472026–30 May 2025CURS1,28736424227229255723–28 May 2025Avangarde1,300201940151474422

National approval rating

+Polling firmFieldwork dateSample sizeIs Romania going on a good path/direction? NetApprovalDisapprovalAvangarde10–17 Mar 20261,00018 793 −61CURS10–19 Dec 20251,06721 754 −54AvangardeJul–Sep 20251,30021 745 −5323734−5027667−39FlashData10–12 Jul 20257,50023 716 −48CURS4–10 Jul 20251,06726 695 −43CURS26–30 May 20251,28734 597 −25Avangarde23–28 May 20251,30038 539 −15

Notes

References