The Indonesian Quarantine Agency (, ) is a cabinet-level government agency responsible for enforcing Indonesian animal, fish, and plant quarantine code formed in 2023. It was founded by Joko Widodo in his second administration.

History

Pre-Pusrantan Period During Johannes van den Bosch tenure as Governor-General in Dutch East Indies, he established cultuurstelsel system to force cultivate economically important cash crops for taxation and export. One of the cash crops planted was coffee. In 1877, due to outbreak of coffee leaf rust disease in Ceylon, the Dutch Indies Government issued Ordnance of 19 December 1877 (Staatsblad 1877 No. 262), which forbids importation of Coffee plants and beans from Ceylon in fear of spread of the disease in Dutch East Indies. In 1914, Dutch Indies Government issued Ordnance of 28 January 1914 (Staatsblad 1914 No. 161) which mandated formation of board of experts to examine fruits imported of Australia before being marketed in Dutch East Indies due to outbreak of Mediterranean fruit fly in Australia. With this 1914 ordnance, Institute for Plant Pathology and Cultivation () was established, with Plant Quarantine Service () as the Plant Quarantine arm of the institute. In 1939, port plant quarantine station system was established on every major trading port which led by stationed officer of with rank of (Expert officer-in-charge in Plant Pathology).

In post-Indonesian independence, { was renamed to (Research Center for Plant Pathology, BPHT) under the Department of Welfare and then become Department of Agriculture. In 1961, BPHT was elevated and transformed into (Institute for Plant Pests and Disease Research, LPHT), becoming one of 28 research institutes directly reported under (Agricultural Research Service) of the Department of Agriculture. However, responsibility of plant quarantine was divided within the Department of Agriculture, with formation of Division of Quarantine of the Bureau Foreign Relations under General Secretariat of the Department of Agriculture in 1966. In 1973, (Directorate of Plant Quarantine) is formed within Department of Agriculture to amalgamate Plant Quarantine functions of the ministry.

Pusrantan Period On 26 August 1974, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (, Balitbangtan), was founded by President Suharto, through issuance of Presidential Decision No. 45/1974. The Directorate of Plant Quarantine was demoted into (Center for Agricultural Quarantine, Pusrantan) and become part of the Balitbangtan. Despite the demotion, the organization of the Pusrantan was developed and expanded into a massive organization within the Balitbangtan, with 1 national center as organization coordination center, 5 research and quarantine institutes, 14 research and quarantine stations, and 105 regional quarantine offices constituting it at its peak in 1980. In 1983, animal quarantine function began to be developed within Pusrantan. Due to Pusrantan massive size, despite being part of Balitbangtan, the Pusrantan was received administrative guidance of Balitbangtan and Directorate General of Livestock (, Ditjennak) for administrative guidance for plant and animal quarantine affairs. Eventually, Balitbangtan and Ditjennak relinquished its responsibility over Pusrantan to the General Secretariat of the Department of Agriculture in 1985.

During Pusrantan period, Indonesian Government passed Indonesian animal, fish, and plant quarantine code, Law No. 16/1992 in 1992.

Baranas Period In 1995, Pusrantan transferred to a short-lived Agribusiness Agency () of the Ministry of Agriculture, which then briefly elevated into National Quarantine Agency (, Baranas) in 2000, which also short-lived.

With subsequent formation of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries from Ministry of Marine Exploration in 2001, Baranas disbanded and separated into 2 agencies: (Agency for Agricultural Quarantine, Barantan) of the Ministry of Agriculture and (Agency for Fish Quarantine, Quality Control and Safety of Fishery Products, BKIPMKHP) of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries thru Presidential Decree No. 58/2001.

Formation of Barantin Prior establishment of Barantin, previous Indonesian animal, fish, and plant quarantine code, Law No. 16/1992, was deemed outdated and did not meet satisfaction of and not accommodating national interest and public safety concerns the spread of disease or pests. The old Indonesian quarantine code later replaced by Law No. 21/2019 which passed by the People's Representative Council on 24 September 2019.

According to the old 1992 quarantine code, Ministry of Agriculture was solely responsible on enforcement of the code. Since the , some parts of the enforcement also being split into Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. Thus, there were two agencies responsible in enforcement of the Indonesian quarantine code:

Agency for Agricultural Quarantine under The Ministry of Agriculture: Enforcing the regulations of animal and plant quarantine. Agency for Fish Quarantine, Quality Control and Safety of Fishery Products under The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries: Enforcing the regulations of fish quarantine, and also quality control and safety of fishery products.

In addition, Law No. 21/2019 also expands the scope of animal, fish, and plant quarantine to include monitoring and control of invasive species as well as wild plants and animals, which is under the responsibility of Directorate General of Nature Resources and Ecosystem Conservation under The Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Article 8 of Law No. 21/2019 mandated the formation of "integrative agency" to integrate the enforcement of the Indonesian quarantine code in 2 years. However, the process was delayed until 4 years after the passage of the 2019 Indonesian quarantine code. On 6 July 2023 Joko Widodo signed Government Regulation No. 29/2023, established the Indonesian quarantine framework and named as the name of the integrative agency to enforce the code. He later signed Presidential Decree No. 45/2023 on 20 July 2023, established the agency and set the agency as a cabinet-level agency. On 14 September 2023, he appointed Sahat Manaor Panggabean, a close confidante of Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan, as Chief of Barantin.

Immediately after his appointment, Sahat recruited 100 men from Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Ministry of Environment and Forestry and named his team as () for rapid consolidation and organization of Barantin. On 25 October 2023, the Barantin organization finalized. Wisnu Haryana, then Acting Main Secretary of Barantin, revealed that 3,739 men from the Ministry of Agriculture, 1,327 men from the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, and "a few" men from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry joined Barantin. The fusion also slimmed from 52 quarantine stations of Agency for Agricultural Quarantine and 47 quarantine stations of Agency for Fish Quarantine, Quality Control and Safety of Fishery Products into 40 quarantine stations that will be operated by Barantin.

Organization Following Chief of Barantin Decree No.1/2023 and 2/2023, the full structure of Barantin is as follows:

Office of the Chief of Barantin Main Secretariat Bureau of Organization and Human Resources Bureau of General Affairs and Finance Bureau of Planning and Partnership Bureau of Legal Affairs and Public Relation Deputy I (Animal Quarantine) Directorate of Animal Quarantine Standards Directorate of Animal Quarantine Risk Management Directorate of Animal Quarantine Measures Deputy II (Fish Quarantine) Directorate of Fish Quarantine Standards Directorate of Fish Quarantine Risk Management Directorate of Fish Quarantine Measures Deputy III (Plant Quarantine) Directorate of Plant Quarantine Standards Directorate of Plant Quarantine Risk Management Directorate of Plant Quarantine Measures Centers Center for Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Data and Information System Center for Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Human Resources Development Inspectorate Technical Implementation Units Indonesian Quarantine Centers for Animal, Fish, and Plants North Sumatera Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Center, Medan Kualanamu Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Sisingamaraja Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Port Belawan Quarantine Servicing Station Port Tanjung Balai Asahan Quarantine Servicing Station Sibolga Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Jakarta Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Center, Jakarta Tanjung Priok Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Sunda Kelapa Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Halim Perdanakusuma Airport Quarantine Servicing Station East Kalimantan Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Center, Balikpapan Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Quarantine Servicing Station Samarinda Riverine Port Quarantine Servicing Station Kariangau Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Semayang Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Lok Tuan Bontang Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station A.P.T. Pranoto Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Berau Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Bali Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Center, Denpasar I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Celukan Bawang Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Padang Baai Crossing Port Quarantine Servicing Station Gilimanuk Crossing Port Quarantine Servicing Station South Sulawesi Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Center, Makassar Hasanuddin Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Parepare Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Jeneponto Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Bajoe Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Papua Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Center, Jayapura Sentani Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Jayapura Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Biak Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Skouw Indonesia-Papua New Guinea Border Checkpoint Post Quarantine Servicing Station Serui Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Indonesian Quarantine Offices for Animal, Fish, and Plants Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Office, Banda Aceh Iskandar Muda Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Sabang Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Lhokseumawe Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Meulaboh Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Sinabang Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Kuala Langsa Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Simeuleu Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Riau Islands Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Office, Batam Hang Nadim Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Raja Haji Fisabilillah Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Telaga Punggur Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Port Tanjung Uban Quarantine Servicing Station Kijang Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Port Tanjung Balai Karimun Quarantine Servicing Station Port Tanjung Batu Quarantine Servicing Station Moro Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Natuna Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station West Sumatera Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Office, Padang Minangkabau Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Mentawai Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Riau Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Office, Pekanbaru Sultan Syarif Kasim II Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Dumai Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Bengkalis Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Tembilahan Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Selat Panjang Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Sungai Guntung Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Tanjung Buton Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station Jambi Animal, Fish, and Plants Quarantine Office, Jambi Sultan Thaha Airport Quarantine Servicing Station Kuala Tungkal Maritime Port Quarantine Servicing Station