The Anthropos phonetic alphabet is a phonetic transcription system that was to be used in the journal Anthropos, originally published by Wilhelm Schmidt in 1907. Transcription is italic, without other delimiters. It shares similarities with Karl Richard Lepsius' Standard Alphabet or some Americanist phonetic notations Edward Sapir and Franz Boas introduced to the United States.
Consonants +Anthropos alphabet (1907) Labial Coronal("Dental") Palatal Dorsal("Guttural") Pharyn-geal Epi-glottal Glottal Bilabial Labio-dental Inter-dental Alveolar Retroflex Pre-velar Velar Uvular Plosive p t̯ t ṭ c k̯ k ḳ ʼ b d̯ d ḍ j g̯ g g̣ ꜣ Affricate p̌ (pf) t͏̯̌ (t̯s̯) t͏̌ (ts) ṭ̌ (ṭṣ) č (tš) ǩ̯ (k̯x̯) ǩ (kx) ḳ̌ (ḳx̣) b̌ (bv) d͏̯̌ (d̯z̯) d͏̌ (dz) ḍ̌ (ḍẓ) ǰ (dž) ǧ̯ (g̯y) ǧ (gÿ) ǧ̣ (g̣ỵ̈) Fricative ff (f̯) f s̯ s ṣ š x̯ x x̣ ḥ h́ h w v z̯ z ẓ ž y ÿ ỵ̈ ꜣ Rhotic r̯ ꭈ̯ r ꭈ ṛ ꭈ̣ ꭉ̯ ꭊ̯ ꭉ ꭊ ꭉ̣ ꭊ̣ Lateral flap 𝼑 Lateral liquid l̯ l ḷ (ĺ) ɫ Lateral affricate t̪ (t̰)Although Anthropos specifies a bridge for lateral obstruents, it was more common at the time to use a tilde. k̪ (k̰) d̪ (d̰) g̪ (g̰) Lateral fricative s̪ (s̰) x̪ (x̰) z̪ (z̰) y̪ (y̰) Nasal m ꬺ (ṁ) n̯ n ṇ (ń) ꬻ̯ ꬻ (ṅ) ꬻ̣ Prenasalized? p̰ t̰ k̰ b̰ d̰ g̰ Ejective p̓ t̕ k̓ Ingressive ʇ ʇ̣ ɔ ʞ
Palatalized consonants are written with an acute – etc. Semivowels are etc.
Vowels Vowels are inconsistent between languages. etc. may be used for unrounded central vowels,The central vowels shown here do not appear in the main vowel charts, but occur in various illustrations. and the -based letters are poorly defined, with height and rounding confounded. + Anthropos (semi)vowels (1907) Front Central Back i̯ ü̯ ī̯ ū̯ ï̯ u̯ High i ü ī (ï) ū ï u i̠ ü̠ ī̠ ū̠ ï̠ u̠ Mid ẹ ọ̈ ẹ̄ ọ̄ ẹ̈ ọ e ö ē (ë) ō ë o e̠ ö̠ ē̠ ō̠ ë̠ o̠ Low a̤̣ a̰̣ a̤ạ ä a̰a̠ a
There are actually three heights of low front and back vowels. is also seen for a low back vowel.
Reduced (obscure) vowels are etc. There are also extra-high vowels etc.
References