Carlos Cuerpo Caballero (born 26 September 1980) is a Spanish economist and politician who has been serving as minister of Economy, Trade and Enterprise in the government of Pedro Sánchez since 2023. He succeeded Nadia Calviño after she was elected as president of the European Investment Bank. Since 2008, he is a high-ranking civil servant in the High Corps of Spanish State Economists and Trade Experts.

In June 2025, Cuerpo put forward his candidacy to become the president of the Eurogroup, competing with fellow candidates Paschal Donohoe and Rimantas Šadžius;Inti Landauro (27 June 2025), Spain's economy minister launches bid to lead Eurogroup Reuters. shortly after, he withdrew his name from consideration, citing insufficient support.Gregorio Sorgi (7 July 2025), Ireland’s Donohoe holds on to Eurogroup presidency as challengers drop out Politico Europe.

On 26 March 2026, the prime minister nominated him as first deputy prime minister.

Other activities European Union organizations European Investment Bank (EIB), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024)Board of Governors European Investment Bank (EIB). European Stability Mechanism (ESM), Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024) International organizations Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024)Board of Governors Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024)Board of Governors Central American Bank for Economic Integration (CABEI). European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024)Board of Governors European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Inter-American Investment Corporation (IIC), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024)Board of Governors Inter-American Investment Corporation (IIC). International Monetary Fund (IMF), Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024)Members International Monetary Fund (IMF). Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), World Bank Group, Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024) World Bank, Ex-Officio Member of the Board of Governors (since 2024)

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