Arylacetamide deacetylase like 2 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the AADACL2 gene.
Gene The AADACL2 gene consists of 27413 nucleotides with an mRNA of approximately 5060 base pairs. There are five exons found in the AADACL2 gene. AADACL2 is found to function in catalytic activity, hydrolase activity, and found to enable carboxylic ester hydrolase activity.
mRNA The chromosomal band location of AADACL2 is 3q25.1 and is located on the plus strand of the DNA.
Protein AADACL2 in humans is 401 amino acids long. with a predicted molecular weight of 46 kDa. The isoelectric point of AADACL2 is 7.2. The AADACL2 protein contains two domains, Abhydrolase_3, that spans nearly the entire protein. Along with an intermediate domain which is Involved in the stabilization of the negatively charged intermediate by the formation of the oxyanion hole. Both of which are found to be conserved amongst orthologs.
Localization Human AADACL2 is predicted to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Expression AADACL2 is tissue specific. AADACL2 is expressed at a very high level in skin tissues. It is found to express at low levels in placenta, esophagus, small intestine and colon. It is also found in circular RNA induction during fetal development at higher levels at the intestines at 10 weeks and 20 weeks.
Tertiary structure The protein AADACL2 was found to be composed of both alpha helices along with beta barrels.
Evolution The protein encoded by AADACL2 evolves slower than the fibrinogen alpha protein but faster than the protein cytochrome c.
Paralogs Paralogs of AADACL2 include: AADAC (Arylacetamide Deacetylase), NCEH1 (Neutral Cholesterol Ester Hydrolase 1), AADACL3 (Arylacetamide Deacetylase Like 3), AADACL4 (Arylacetamide Deacetylase Like 4), and AFMID (Arylformamidase).
Orthologs Arylacetamide Deacetylase like 2 is found only in mammals. AADACL2 is not found in fish, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. Arylacetamide Deacetylase like 2 is found in the following mammals: primates, flying lemurs, bats, rabbits & hares, rodents, insectivores, afrotheria, carnivores, even-toed ungulates, and odd-toed ungulates. Arylacetamide Deacetylase like 2 was approximately found to have first appeared in afrotheria 99 million years ago.
AADACL2 Genus and SpeciesCommon NameTaxonomic GroupMedian Date of Divergence (MYA)Protein Accession #Protein Sequence Length (aa)Sequence Identity to Human Protein (%)Sequence Similarity to Human Protein (%)PrimatesHomo sapiensHumanPrimates0NP_997248.2401100.0100.0Macaca mulattaRhesus monkeyPrimates28.8XP_001106757.24019899.3Rhinopithecus roxellanaGolden snub-nosed monkeyPrimates28.8XP_010370407.240197.399.0Sapajus apellaTufted capuchinPrimates43XP_032118900.14019496.3Aotus nancymaaeNancy Ma's monkeyPrimates43XP_012292432.240194.596.5Microcebus murinusGray mouse lemurPrimates74XP_012646764.140272.181.8Flying lemursCynocephalus volansPhilippine flying lemurDermoptera74XP_062934601.140182.589.0BatsRhinolophus ferrumequinumGreater horseshoe batBats94XP_032991506.140181.087.8Pteropus alectoBlack flying foxChiroptera94XP_006926324.134350.563.6Rabbits & haresOchotona princepsAmerican pikaLagomorpha87XP_004598151.240180.588.3RodentsOctodon degusDeguRodentia87XP_004643988.140180.089.0Mus musculusMouseRodentia87NP_00112156340179.189.5Marmota monaxWoodchuckRodentia87XP_046287168.140165.178.1InsectivoresCondylura cristataStar-nosed MoleEulipotyphla94XP_004682396.140178.886.3AfrotheriaTrichechus manatus latirostrisFlorida ManateeSirenia99XP_004379276.340278.488.1Elephas maximus indicusIndian ElephantProboscideans99XP_049723395.140278.186.8CarnivoresLontra canadensisNorthern American River OtterCarnivora94XP_032708555.140175.184.0Phoca vitulinaHarbor SealCarnivora94XP_032265082.140073.882.0Ursus maritimusPolar BearCarnivora94XP_008705296.240173.683.3Mustela putorius furoDomestic FerretCarnivora94XP_004755622.140173.682.5Canis lupus dingoDingoCarnivora94XP_025291970.340373.481.9Ailuropoda melanoleucaGiant PandaCarnivora94XP_002916395.139772.181.0Odobenus rosmarus divergensPacific WalrusCarnivora94XP_004405057.140070.380.5Even-Toed UngulatesHippopotamus amphibius kibokoCommon HippopotamusArtiodactyls94XP_057593784.141670.079.4Camelus dromedariusArabian CamelArtiodactyls94XP_010985013.140163.878.1Odd-Toed UngulatesEquus caballusHorsePerissodactyla94XP_014587028.158749.656.6
Clinical significance Allergic contact dermatitis exposed to a nickel allergy, indicates that there is lower presence in the AADACL2 RNA when exposed to a nickel allergy versus the non-allergic control. Arylacetamide deacetylase-like 2 was found to be in the top fifty skin enriched genes, and was predicted to contain a signal peptide and function as a secreted protein.
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