An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Thursday, November 22, 1900, with a magnitude of 0.9421. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 4.5 days after apogee (on November 17, 1900, at 18:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller. This was also the last solar eclipse of the 19th century.

This eclipse's path traveled east, beginning in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of southern Africa, traversing the continent, and passing through the Indian Ocean before terminating in Australia, in northeast Queensland. Outside the center of its path, the section of the Earth from which it was visible included locations in Africa such as the Cape of Good Hope, Natal, Pretoria, and the south end of Madagascar. On the eastern portion of the path, it passed over the southern portion of the Philippine islands.

Observations It appeared in some form over all of Australia, although only partially visible in most of it. It entered near Shark Bay and was partially visible in Adelaide. It was observed clearly from Melbourne, where it was seen "under favorable conditions, the sky being cloudless". Elsewhere in Australia, newspapers reported that it was seen from Rydal and Murrumburrah in New South Wales. An observer in Perth said that it was "distinctly visible", as "the sky was quite clear owing to the dimness of the sun's light. Persons out of doors could not fail to notice the eclipse." The Government Astronomer, W. E. Cooke, said that "in the streets it was observed by numbers of people with the aid of a piece of smoked or neutral tinted glass, and at the Observatory the exact times of commencement and finish were noted with the aid of the large equatorial".

At the time, it was claimed by Ira D. Hicks that the conjunction would "greatly increase atmospheric, electrical and seismic perturbations during the reactionary period, 21st to 23d". Viewers in Australia were advised to view the Sun through smoked glass, "prepared by holding it over the flame of an ordinary wax candle or vesta". It was expected to be "of little importance to astronomers for scientific purposes, excepting in showing how accurately such events may now be predicted".

Eclipse details Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the Moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.

+November 22, 1900 Solar Eclipse Times Event Time (UTC) First Penumbral External Contact 1900 November 22 at 04:19:31.9 UTC First Umbral External Contact 1900 November 22 at 05:24:00.5 UTC First Central Line 1900 November 22 at 05:26:34.2 UTC First Umbral Internal Contact 1900 November 22 at 05:29:08.2 UTC First Penumbral Internal Contact 1900 November 22 at 06:36:53.5 UTC Ecliptic Conjunction 1900 November 22 at 07:17:05.1 UTC Greatest Eclipse 1900 November 22 at 07:19:42.8 UTC Equatorial Conjunction 1900 November 22 at 07:22:44.6 UTC Greatest Duration 1900 November 22 at 07:22:49.6 UTC Last Penumbral Internal Contact 1900 November 22 at 08:02:28.1 UTC Last Umbral Internal Contact 1900 November 22 at 09:10:16.9 UTC Last Central Line 1900 November 22 at 09:12:48.5 UTC Last Umbral External Contact 1900 November 22 at 09:15:19.8 UTC Last Penumbral External Contact 1900 November 22 at 10:19:46.8 UTC

+November 22, 1900 Solar Eclipse Parameters Parameter Value Eclipse Magnitude 0.94207 Eclipse Obscuration 0.88750 Gamma −0.22450 Sun Right Ascension 15h49m25.8s Sun Declination -20°03'58.1" Sun Semi-Diameter 16'11.9" Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9" Moon Right Ascension 15h49m19.7s Moon Declination -20°16'14.2" Moon Semi-Diameter 15'02.0" Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°55'10.4" ΔT -1.5 s

Eclipse season

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

+ Eclipse season of November–December 1900 November 22Descending node (new moon) December 6Ascending node (full moon) Annular solar eclipseSolar Saros 131 Penumbral lunar eclipseLunar Saros 143

Related eclipses Eclipses in 1900 A total solar eclipse on May 28. A penumbral lunar eclipse on June 13. An annular solar eclipse on November 22. A penumbral lunar eclipse on December 6.

Metonic Preceded by: Solar eclipse of February 1, 1897 Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 9, 1904

Tzolkinex Preceded by: Solar eclipse of October 11, 1893 Followed by: Solar eclipse of January 3, 1908

Half-Saros Preceded by: Lunar eclipse of November 16, 1891 Followed by: Lunar eclipse of November 27, 1909

Tritos Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 22, 1889 Followed by: Solar eclipse of October 22, 1911

Solar Saros 131 Preceded by: Solar eclipse of November 10, 1882 Followed by: Solar eclipse of December 3, 1918

Inex Preceded by: Solar eclipse of December 12, 1871 Followed by: Solar eclipse of November 1, 1929

Triad Preceded by: Solar eclipse of January 21, 1814 Followed by: Solar eclipse of September 23, 1987

Solar eclipses of 1898–1902

Saros 131

Metonic series

Tritos series

Inex series

See also List of solar eclipses in the 19th century

References

External links Google interactive maps Solar eclipse data Path data