Rīm, also called Maryam or Maryem (died 1360), was a consort of Yusuf I of Granada, and the mother of Ismail II of Granada.Boloix Gallardo, Bárbara (2013). Las sultanas de La Alhambra: las grandes desconocidas del reino nazarí de Granada (siglos XIII-XV). Patronato de la Alhambra y del Generalife. ISBN 978-84-9045-045-1.

Early life and concubinage

Her origin and her original name is unknown. The Nasrid rulers of the Emirate of Granada customarily married their cousins, but also kept slave concubines in accordance with Islamic custom. The identity of these concubines is unknown, but they were originally Christian women (rūmiyyas) bought or captured in expeditions in the Christian states of Northern Spain, and given a new name when they entered the royal Nasrid harem. GALLARDO, BARBARA BOLOIX. “Beyond the Haram: Ibn Al-Khatib and His Privileged Knowledge of Royal Nasrid Women .” Praising the ‘Tongue of Religion’: Essays in Honor of the 700th Anniversary of Ibn al-Khaṭīb’s Birth (2014): n. pag. Print.

Rīm was given her name when she entered the royal harem at an unknown date before 1338;Boloix Gallardo, Bárbara (2013). Las sultanas de La Alhambra: las grandes desconocidas del reino nazarí de Granada (siglos XIII-XV). Patronato de la Alhambra y del Generalife. ISBN 978-84-9045-045-1. Modern authors identify her with two possible names: Antonio Fernandez-Puertas and Francisco Vidal Castro name her "Maryam" (مريم) while Bárbara Boloix Gallardo names her "Rīm" (ريم). Boloix Gallardo argues that the name Maryam is a misreading of the Arabic texts: in the Arabic script, bi-Rīm (بريم, "by Rīm") appears very similar to Maryam (مريم), only differing by a single letter.

Rīm was described as Yusuf's favorite, and reportedly tried to convince Yusuf I to appoint her son as his successor.Boloix Gallardo, Bárbara (2013). Las sultanas de La Alhambra: las grandes desconocidas del reino nazarí de Granada (siglos XIII-XV). Patronato de la Alhambra y del Generalife. ISBN 978-84-9045-045-1.

Later life and politics When Yusuf I died in 1354, a power struggle outside of the harem ended with the chief minister placing Butayna's son on the throne as Muhammad V of Granada. Having given birth to her enslaver's children, Rīm was manumitted when Yusuf I died in accordance with the umm walad law, though as a free Muslim woman she still had to observe seclusion. Her stepson Muhammad V had his stepmother Rīm and her daughters removed from the royal harem and banished to a separate harem.Boloix Gallardo, Bárbara (2013). Las sultanas de La Alhambra: las grandes desconocidas del reino nazarí de Granada (siglos XIII-XV). Patronato de la Alhambra y del Generalife. ISBN 978-84-9045-045-1. Before she left, Rīm obtained a substantial sum of money from the royal treasury, which had been situated in the harem and not sufficiently guarded in the events following the death of the sultan.Boloix Gallardo, Bárbara (2013). Las sultanas de La Alhambra: las grandes desconocidas del reino nazarí de Granada (siglos XIII-XV). Patronato de la Alhambra y del Generalife. ISBN 978-84-9045-045-1.

Rīm married her daughter to her son's cousin prince Muhammad, and staged a coup d'état with her son-in-law financed by the money she had obtained from the treasury. In August 1359, Rīm and her son-in-law deposed Muhammad V and placed Rīm's son on the throne as Ismail II of Granada. Rīm became the mother of the sultan and thus had the highest rank in the royal harem.Boloix Gallardo, Bárbara (2013). Las sultanas de La Alhambra: las grandes desconocidas del reino nazarí de Granada (siglos XIII-XV). Patronato de la Alhambra y del Generalife. ISBN 978-84-9045-045-1. In 1360, however, her son-in-law deposed her son, took the throne as Muhammad VI and had Ismail II and his mother Rīm executed.Boloix Gallardo, Bárbara (2013). Las sultanas de La Alhambra: las grandes desconocidas del reino nazarí de Granada (siglos XIII-XV). Patronato de la Alhambra y del Generalife. ISBN 978-84-9045-045-1. Muhammad VI himself was to be overthrown in 1362, when Muhammad V returned from exile with his mother and reclaimed his throne.

Issue With Yusuf Rīm became the mother of two sons and three daughters Ismail II of Granada (4 October 1339 - 24 June or 13 July 1360) ruled for brief time from 1359 to 1360, executed alongside his mother. Qays (died 24 June or 13 July 1360) executed alongside Ismail Fatima Mu’mina Jadīŷa Shams Zaynab

In fiction Novel The novel series Sultana: Two Sisters och Sultana: The Bride Price by Lisa J. Yarde focus on the dynamic between Maryem (Rīm) and Butayna.

See also Umm al-walad

References

Sources