Syngnathus is a genus of fish in the family Syngnathidae found in marine, brackish and sometimes fresh waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean.Fritzsche, R.A. 1980. A revisionary study of the eastern Pacific Syngnathidae (Pisces: Syngnathiformes), including both recent and fossil forms. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 42(6): 181-227. Fossils of these species are found from the Oligocene to the Pleistocene. They are known from various localities of Greece, Italy, Germany and United States.Paleobiology Database: Fossilworks: Syngnathus Linnaeus, 1758. The name comes from Ancient Greek σύν (sún), meaning "together", and γνάθος (gnáthos), meaning "jaw", referring to the fused jaw that the species (and the entire family) have in common.
Species There are currently 36 recognized species in this genus: Syngnathus abaster A. Risso, 1827 (Black-striped pipefish) Syngnathus acus Linnaeus, 1758 (Greater pipefish) Syngnathus affinis Eichwald, 1831 Syngnathus auliscus (Swain, 1882) (Barred pipefish) Syngnathus californiensis D. H. Storer, 1845 (Kelp pipefish) Syngnathus caribbaeus C. E. Dawson, 1979 (Caribbean pipefish) Syngnathus carinatus (C. H. Gilbert, 1892) Syngnathus caspius Eichwald, 1831 Syngnathus chihiroe Matsunuma, 2017 Matsunuma, M. (2017): Syngnathus chihiroe, a new species of pipefish (Syngnathidae) from southern Japan. Zootaxa, 4232 (3): 385-396. Syngnathus dawsoni (Herald, 1969) Syngnathus exilis (R. C. Osburn & Nichols, 1916) (Bar-cheek pipefish) Syngnathus floridae (D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1882) (Dusky pipefish) Syngnathus folletti Herald, 1942 Syngnathus fuscus D. H. Storer, 1839 (Northern pipefish) Syngnathus leptorhynchus Girard, 1854 (Bay pipefish) Syngnathus louisianae Günther, 1870 (Chain pipefish) Syngnathus macrophthalmus Duncker, 1915 Syngnathus makaxi Herald & C. E. Dawson, 1972 (Yucatán pipefish) Syngnathus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758 (Sargassum pipefish) Syngnathus phlegon A. Risso, 1827 Syngnathus rostellatus Nilsson, 1855 (Nilsson's pipefish) Syngnathus safina Paulus, 1992 Syngnathus schlegeli Kaup, 1856 (Seaweed pipefish) Syngnathus schmidti A. M. Popov, 1928 Syngnathus scovelli (Evermann & Kendall, 1896) (Gulf pipefish) Syngnathus springeri Herald, 1942 (Bull pipefish) Syngnathus taenionotus Canestrini, 1871 Syngnathus temminckii Kaup, 1856 (Long-snout pipefish) Mwale, M., Kaiser, H., Barker, N.P., Wilson, A.B. & Teske, P.R. (2013): Identification of a uniquely southern African clade of coastal pipefishes Syngnathus spp. Journal of Fish Biology, 82 (6): 2045–2062. Syngnathus tenuirostris Rathke, 1836 (Narrow-snouted pipefish) Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus, 1758 (Broad-nosed pipefish) Syngnathus variegatus Pallas, 1814 Syngnathus watermeyeri J. L. B. Smith, 1963 (Estuarine pipefish)
References