This is a list of mammals in Virginia, including both current and recently historical inhabitants. Virginia has 77 species of native land mammals (including extirpated species), and the coast is visited by nearly 30 marine mammal species. 11 species or subspecies of native Virginian mammals are listed as endangered or threatened by the state Department of Wildlife Resources (DWR). Species which are presumed extirpated are crossed out.
Didelphimorpha (opossums)
NameSpeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListState (NatureServe)Virginia opossumDidelphis virginianaDidelphidaeSecure (S5)
Rodentia (rodents)
NameSpecies / subspeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListFederal (ESA)State (Virginia DWR)State (NatureServe)American beaverCastor canadensisCastoridaeSecure (S5)Southern red-backed voleClethrionomys gapperiCricetidaeSecure (S5)Rock voleMicrotus chrotorrhinusCricetidaeState endangeredCritically imperiled (S1)Meadow voleMicrotus pennsylvanicusCricetidaeSecure (S5)Woodland voleMicrotus pinetorumCricetidaeSecure (S5)Allegheny woodratNeotoma magisterCricetidaeVulnerable (S3)Golden mouseOchrotomys nuttalliCricetidaeApparently secure (S4)MuskratOndatra zibethicusCricetidaeSecure (S5)Marsh rice ratOryzomys palustrisCricetidaeSecure (S5)Cotton mousePeromyscus gossypinusCricetidaeVulnerable (S3)White-footed mousePeromyscus leucopusCricetidaeSecure (S5)Eastern deer mousePeromyscus maniculatusCricetidaeSecure (S5)Eastern harvest mouseReithrodontomys humulisCricetidaeSecure (S5)Hispid cotton ratSigmodon hispidusCricetidaeSecure (S5)Southern bog lemmingSynaptomys cooperiCricetidaeSecure (S5)NutriaMyocastor coypusEchimyidaeSNA - introducedNorth American porcupineErethizon dorsatumErethizontidaeCritically imperiled (S1)House mouseMus musculusMuridaeSNA - introducedBrown ratRattus norvegicusMuridaeSNA - introducedBlack ratRattus rattusMuridaeSNA - introducedCarolina northern flying squirrelGlaucomys sabrinus coloratusSciuridaeEndangeredState endangeredCritically imperiled (S1)Virginia northern flying squirrelGlaucomys sabrinus fuscusSciuridaeCritically imperiled (S1)Southern flying squirrelGlaucomys volansSciuridaeSecure (S5)WoodchuckMarmota monaxSciuridaeSecure (S5)Eastern gray squirrelSciurus carolinensisSciuridaeSecure (S5)Eastern fox squirrelSciurus nigerSciuridaeApparently secure (S4)Eastern chipmunkTamias striatusSciuridaeSecure (S5)American red squirrelTamiasciurus hudsonicusSciuridaeSecure (S5)Woodland jumping mouseNapaeozapus insignisZapodidaeSecure (S5)Meadow jumping mouseZapus hudsoniusZapodidaeSecure (S5)
Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) NameSpeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListState (Virginia DWR)State (NatureServe)Snowshoe hareLepus americanusLeporidaeState endangeredPresumed extirpated (SX)Black-tailed jackrabbitLepus californicusLeporidaeSNA - introducedEastern cottontailSylvilagus floridanusLeporidaeSecure (S5)Appalachian cottontailSylvilagus obscurusLeporidaeApparently secure (S4)Marsh rabbitSylvilagus palustrisLeporidaeVulnerable (S3)
Eulipotyphla (shrews and moles) NameSpeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListState (Virginia DWR)State (NatureServe)Northern short-tailed shrewBlarina brevicaudaSoricidaeSecure (S5)Southern short-tailed shrewBlarina carolinensisSoricidaeSecure (S5)North American least shrewCryptotis parvaSoricidaeSecure (S5)Cinereus shrewSorex cinereusSoricidaeSecure (S5)Long-tailed shrewSorex disparSoricidaeVulnerable (S3)Smoky shrewSorex fumeusSoricidaeSecure (S5)American pygmy shrewSorex hoyiSoricidaeApparently secure (S4)Southeastern shrewSorex longirostrisSoricidaeSecure (S5)American water shrewSorex palustrisSoricidaeState endangeredNo status rank (NSR)Star-nosed moleCondylura cristataTalpidaeApparently secure (S4)Hairy-tailed moleParascalops breweriTalpidaeSecure (S5)Eastern moleScalopus aquaticusTalpidaeSecure (S5)
Chiroptera (bats) NameSpecies / subspeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListFederal (ESA)State (Virginia DWR)State (NatureServe)Rafinesque's big-eared batCorynorhinus rafinesquiiVespertilionidaeState endangeredImperiled (S2)Virginia big-eared batCorynorhinus townsendii virginianusVespertilionidaeEndangeredState endangeredCritically imperiled (S1)Big brown batEptesicus fuscusVespertilionidaeSecure (S5)Silver-haired batLasionycteris noctivagansVespertilionidaeApparently secure (S4)Eastern red batLasiurus borealisVespertilionidaeApparently secure (S4)Hoary batLasiurus cinereusVespertilionidaeVulnerable (S3)Northern yellow batLasiurus intermediusVespertilionidaeSeminole batLasiurus seminolusVespertilionidaeSoutheastern myotisMyotis austroripariusVespertilionidaeImperiled (S2)Gray batMyotis grisescensVespertilionidaeEndangeredState endangeredCritically imperiled (S1)Eastern small-footed myotisMyotis leibiiVespertilionidaeImperiled (S2)Little brown batMyotis lucifugusVespertilionidaeState endangeredImperiled (S2)Northern long-eared batMyotis septentrionalisVespertilionidaeEndangeredState threatenedImperiled (S2)Indiana batMyotis sodalisVespertilionidaeEndangeredState endangeredCritically imperiled (S1)Evening batNycticeius humeralisVespertilionidaeApparently secure (S4)Tricolored batPerimyotis subflavusVespertilionidaeState endangeredImperiled (S2)Mexican free-tailed batTadarida brasiliensisVespertilionidae
Carnivora (carnivorans) NameSpeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListFederal (ESA)State (NatureServe)CoyoteCanis latransCanidaeSecure (S5)Gray wolfCanis lupusCanidaeEndangeredPresumed extirpated (SX)Red wolfCanis rufusCanidaeEndangeredPresumed extirpated (SX)Gray foxUrocyon cinereoargenteusCanidaeSecure (S5)Red foxVulpes vulpesCanidaeSecure (S5)BobcatLynx rufusFelidaeApparently secure (S4)CougarPuma concolorFelidaePresumed extirpated (SX)Striped skunkMephitis mephitisMephitidaeSecure (S5)Eastern spotted skunkSpilogale putoriusMephitidaeVulnerable (S3)North American river otterLontra canadensisMustelidaeApparently secure (S4)Least weaselMustela nivalisMustelidaeVulnerable (S3)Long-tailed weaselNeogale frenataMustelidaeSecure (S5)American minkNeogale visonMustelidaeSecure (S5)FisherPekania pennantiMustelidaeEndangeredCritically imperiled (S1)Harbor sealPhoca vitulinaPhocidaeCommon raccoonProcyon lotorProcyonidaeSecure (S5)American black bearUrsus americanusUrsidaeApparently secure (S4)
Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) NameSpeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListState (NatureServe)American bisonBison bisonBovidaePresumed extirpated (SX)ElkCervus canadensisCervidaeReintroducedTechnically listed as "Presumed extirpated (GX)", but has since been reintroduced. See https://dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/elk/Sika deerCervus nipponCervidaeSNA - introducedWhite-tailed deerOdocoileus virginianusCervidaeSecure (S5)Wild boarSus scrofaSuidaeSNA - introduced
Cetacea (whales) NameSpeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListFederal (ESA)State (NatureServe)North Atlantic right whaleEubalaena glacialisBalaenidaeEndangeredCommon minke whaleBalaenoptera acutorostrataBalaenopteridaeSei whaleBalaenoptera borealisBalaenopteridaeEndangeredBryde's whaleBalaenoptera brydeiBalaenopteridaeBlue whaleBalaenoptera musculusBalaenopteridaeEndangeredFin whaleBalaenoptera physalusBalaenopteridaeEndangeredHumpback whaleMegaptera novaeangliaeBalaenopteridaeCritically imperiled (S1)Common dolphinDelphinus delphisDelphinidaeShort-finned pilot whaleGlobicephala macrorhynchusDelphinidaeLong-finned pilot whaleGlobicephala melasDelphinidaeRisso's dolphinGrampus griseusDelphinidaeAtlantic white-sided dolphinLagenorhynchus acutusDelphinidaeOrcaOrcinus orcaDelphinidaeFalse killer whalePseudorca crassidensDelphinidaeStriped dolphinStenella coeruleoalbaDelphinidaeAtlantic spotted dolphinStenella frontalisDelphinidaeSpinner dolphinStenella longirostrisDelphinidaeRough-toothed dolphinSteno bredanensisDelphinidaeCommon bottlenose dolphinTursiops truncatusDelphinidaePygmy sperm whaleKogia brevicepsKogiidaeDwarf sperm whaleKogia simusKogiidaeHarbor porpoisePhocoena phocoenaPhocoenidaeSperm whalePhyseter macrocephalusPhyseteridaeEndangeredDense-beaked whaleMesoplodon densirostrusZiphiidaeAntillean beaked whaleMesoplodon europaeusZiphiidaeTrue's beaked whaleMesoplodon mirusZiphiidaeGoose-beaked whaleZiphias cavirostrisZiphiidae
Sirenia (manatees) NameSpeciesFamilyConservation statusIUCN Red ListFederal (ESA)West Indian manateeTrichechus manatusTrichechidaeThreatened
References
External links List of Native and Naturalized Fauna of Virginia April, 2022 Virginia Threatened and Endangered Faunal Species "Virginia's Land Mammals: Past and Present, with Some Thoughts About Their Possible Future" by Pagels & Moncrief (2015) FWS ECOS Listed species with spatial current range believed to or known to occur in Virginia NatureServe Explorer