Howitzers are one of two primary types of field artillery. Historically, howitzers fired a heavy shell in a high-trajectory from a relatively short barrel and their range was limited but they were slightly more mobile than similar size field guns. Since the end of World War II, howitzers have gained longer barrels and hence increased range to become gun-howitzers.
Wheeled based self-propelled howitzer was a common option when motorised vehicles became a standard for armies, but this shifted to tracked based vehicles. Few wheeled solutions were used during the cold war, however, they have regained significance in recent years as a cheaper alternative to tracked platforms.
Summary list of wheeled self-propelled howitzers ModelOriginCalibreVehicleStatusOrdersCanon MT-12 sur camion100 mm L/636×6 truck2017UnknownObusier automouvant D-30122 mm L/386×6 truck2017UnknownH-155155 mm L/526×6 truckIn developmentUnknownJupiter III122 mm L/386×6 truck2006UnknownJupiter IV122 mm L/456×6 truck2006UnknownJupiter V130 mm L/556×6 truck2006UnknownCS/AH2, PLL-01 derivative 105 mm L/52Not specified yetIn development0CS/SH-1, export PCL-09122 mm L/386×6 truck20186PCL-09122 mm L/386×6 truck2010300PCL-161122 mm L/384×4 truck2020300PCL-171122 mm L/386×6 AFV2020120PCL-181155 mm L/526×6 truck 2019630122 mm L/328×8 AFV2009350SH-1155 mm L/526×6 truck2009246SH-2, export PCL-171122 mm L/386×6 AFV20203SH-5105 mm L/376×6 AFV20202SH-11155 mm L/398×8 AFVDemonstrator0SH-15, export PCL-181155 mm L/526×6 truck2021268SH-16155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototype0DANA Czecho-Slovakia152 mm L/378×8 truck1981750Zuzana155 mm L/458×8 truck199828Zuzana 2155 mm L/538×8 truck201949EVA155 mm L/526×6 or 8×8 truckPrototype0EVA M2 initially revealed under name BIA155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototype0DITA155 mm L/458×8 truck20249MORANA155 mm L/528×8 truckPrototype0M46-1M130 mm L/556×6 truck202312 (minimum)Patria ARVE155 mm L/52 8×8 truck Prototype0CAESAr Mk.I155 mm L/526×6 or 8×8 truck2008441 CAESAr Mk.II155 mm L/526×6 truck202679AGM, Artillery Gun Module 155 mm L/526×6 / 8×8 / 10×10 AFV / truck202736RCH 155155 mm L/528×8 AFV2025170IFG Mk2 SPH105 mm L/376×6 truckDemonstrator0Garuda 105105 mm L/374×4 truckDemonstrator0Garuda 105 V2105 mm L/374×4 AFVIn development0MArG TC-20 ULH155 mm L/394×4 truck202372MGS program ATAGS155 mm L/528×8 truckPrototype0MGS program Dhanush155 mm L/528×8 truckPrototype0MGS program CAESAr 155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototype0MGS program T5-52 155 mm L/528×8 truckIn development0Bhim wheeled SPH 155 mm L/528×8 truckCancelled0HM-41155 mm L/396×6 truck2017UnknownAshura155 mm L/396×6 truckPrototype0Majnoon / Al-Fao155 mm L/52210 mm L/536×6 AFVPrototypes0ATMOS 2000155 mm L/39, L526×6 or 8×8 truck200589ATMOS M-46130 mm L/526×6 truck20106ATMOS D30 (or Semser)122 mm L/388×8 truck20086AHS Kryl (licensed ATMOS 2000)155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototype0ATROM (licensed ATMOS 2000)155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototype3SIGMA 155 Ro'em155 mm L/5210×10 truck2025UnknownSIGMA 155155 mm L/52, L/6010×10 truckIn development065 mm L/174×2 truckRetired2475 mm L/274×4 truckRetired1290 mm L/536×4 truck Retired9090 mm L/534×2 truck Retired3090 mm L/536×6 truck Prototype, retired2Autocannone da 90/53 su SPA Dovunque 4190 mm L/536×6 truck Prototype, retired1100 mm L/174×2 truck Retired16102/35 su Fiat 634N102 mm L/354×2 truckRetired7102 mm L/354×2 truckRetired135105 mm L/294×2 truckRetired12Centauro 155/39LW155 mm L/398×8 AFVPrototype0Type 19155 mm L/528×8 truck201849Al-Whash 105105 mm L/324×4 AFVPrototypeUnknownRum II155 mm L/396×6 truckIn developmentUnknownMOBAT105 mm L/334×4 truck2004UnknownSAMI 8×8 155mm SPH155 mm L/528×8 truckPrototype0Nora B-52 155 mm L/528×8 truck2006150155 AMGS155 mm L/528×8 truckPrototype0G6 Rhino howitzer155 mm L/45, L/526×6 AFV1988153T5-52 Condor155 mm L/528×8 truckPrototype0Denel T7 LAV III155 mm L/398×8 AFVDemonstrator0K9A2155 mm L/528×8 truckIn development0K105HT105 mm L/236×6 truck2017850KLTV 105105 mm L/234×4 AFVDemonstrator0SU-1276 mm L/16.46×6 truckRetired299122 mm L/386×6 truckPrototype0Archer – FH77BW155 mm L/526×6 articulated hauler,8×8 or 10×10 truck201648M425 105 mm105 mm L/306×6 truckDemonstratorUnclearM758 ATMG (licensed ATMOS 2000)155 mm L/526×6 truck201430KMO Aselsan155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototype0Arpan ASFAT155 mm L/528×8 truck20230Yavuz T-155155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototype02S22 Bohdana155 mm L/526×6 or 8×8 truck2022345Calidus LAHAB155 mm L/528×8 AFVDemonstrator0Enigma FSV155 mm L/398×8 AFVDemonstrator0AEC Mk I Gun Carrier57 mm L/434×4 truckRetired175Brutus 155 MHS155 mm L/396×6 truckDemonstrator0Hawkeye 105 MWS105 mm L/274×4 or 6×6 AFVPrototype0T30 HMC75 mm L/18.4Half trackRetired312T19 HMC105 mm L/22Half trackRetired324To‘fon155 mm L/526×6 truckPrototypeUnknownPTH105-VN15105 mm L/226×6 truckPrototypeUnknownPTH85-VN1885 mm L/556×6 truckPrototypeUnknownPTH 130 (base, Jupiter V)130 mm L/556×6 truckPrototypeUnknown Note: a demonstrator intends to demonstrate the viability of a concept, the prototype is a step in the development of a future operational system.
List of wheeled self-propelled howitzers ModelDesigner / ProducerOriginImageCalibreVehicleStatusEntered service inOrdersClientsNotes and sourcesCanon MT-12 sur camionDFM (Direction des fabrications militaires)—100 mm L/636×6 truck:
Mercedes Zetros 2733aOperational2017Unknown UnknownBased on MT-12 gun used as artillery pieceObusier automouvant D-30DFM (Direction des fabrications militaires)—122 mm L/386×6 truck:
Mercedes Zetros 2733aOperational2017Unknown UnknownBased on D-30 gunH-155BNT TMiH (Factory of Machines and Hydraulics)—155 mmL/526×6 truck:
FAP 2832Development program——Automatic loader with 6 shells CS/AH2 Derived from PLL-01Norinco / DIEC /
WPC—105 mmL/52 Not specified yetDevelopment program 2023———CS/SH-1 Export variant of PCL-09Norinco—122 mm L/386×6 truck:
Shaanxi SX2150Operational20186 3 3Sources are unclear on the number of howitzers exported.PCL-09Norinco122 mm L/386×6 truck:
Shaanxi SX2150Operational2010300 300PCL-161Norinco122 mm L/384×4 truck:
FAW MV3Operational2020300 300The SH-4 is its export variantPCL-171Norinco122 mm L/386×6 AFV:
Dongfeng CTL181AOperational2020120 120The SH-2 is its export variantPCL-181Norinco—155 mmL/526×6 truck:
armoured Shaanxi Operational2019630 630The SH-15 is its export variantNorinco—122 mm L/328×8 AFV:
ZBL-08Operational2009350 350 600 in service according to some sourcesSH-1Norinco 155 mmL/526×6 truck:
Wanshan WS5252Operational2009246 6 90 150SH-2 Export variant of PCL-171Norinco—122 mm L/386×6 AFV:
Dongfeng CTL181AOperational20203 3SH-5 SH-2 with 105 mm gunNorinco—105 mmL/376×6 AFV:
Dongfeng CTL181AOperational20202 2SH-11Norinco—155 mmL/398×8 AFV:
ZBL-08Demonstrator 2018———Equivalent to the AGMSH-15 Export variant of PCL-181, and evolution of SH-1Norinco—155 mmL/526×6 truck:
armoured ShaanxiOperational2021268 236 32 SH-16Norinco—155 mmL/526×6 truck:Prototype 2024——— Turret on truck Jupiter IIIUnion de Industrias Militares—122 mm L/386×6 truck:
KrAZ-255BOperational2006Unknown unknownBased on D-30 gunJupiter IVUnion de Industrias Militares—122 mm L/456×6 truck:
KrAZ 255BOperational2006Unknown unknownBased on A-19 gun, highly modified chassisJupiter VUnion de Industrias Militares—130 mm L/556×6 truck:
KrAZ-255BOperational2006Unknown unknownBased on M-46 gun, highly modified chassisDANAKonštrukta Trenčín Czecho-Slovakia152 mmL/378×8 truck:
Tatra 815Operational1981750 273 111 135 80 150 2nd hand:
36 47 20All 2nd hand sales with former Czech Army DANAZuzanaKonštrukta-Defence155 mmL/458×8 truck:
Tatra 815Operational199828 16 12Zuzana 2Konštrukta-Defence 155 mmL/538×8 truck:
Tatra 817Operational201949 25 24EVAKonštrukta-Defence155 mmL/526×6 truck: Tatra 810 8×8 truck: Tatra 817Prototype 2015———Unveiled in 2015, gun derived from SpGH Zuzana 2. Malaysia interestedSpGH BIAKonštrukta-Defence—155 mmL/526×6 truck: Tatra 810Prototype 2023———Development started in 2021, testing from 2024DITAExcalibur Army155 mmL/458×8 truck:
Tatra 817Prototype 2021—— 9Unveiled 2021, strong interest from Taïwan Ordered by Netherlands for Ukraine. MORANAExcalibur Army—155 mmL/528×8 truck:
Tatra 817Prototype 2022———Unveiled 2022, strong interest from TaïwanM46-1MMilitary Factory 200—130 mm L/556×6 truck:
Ural-4320-1911-30 Kraz 63221Operational202312 (minimum) 12 (minimum)Based on M-46 gun, installed on armoured truckPatria 155K98Patria Vammas Oy(Base vehicle)155 mmL/52 8×8 truck:
Sisu E13TPDigital design 2015——— Based on 155 K 98 CAESARMk. INexter155 mmL/526×6 trucks:
Renault Sherpa 5 Mercedes Unimog U2450L
8×8 truck:
Tatra 817Operational2008447 62 19 55 36 156 6 107 (with 30 donated) 18 (49 received 2nd hand + 18 ordered)CAESARMk. IINexter / KNDS155 mmL/526×6 truck:
Arquus ArmisDevelopment program 20212026155 28 109 18AGM "Artillery Gun Module"KMW / KNDS 155 mmL/526×6 truck:
Navistar 8×8 truck: Iveco Trakker 10×10 AFV: Mowag Piranha I On tracks ASCOD 2 Boxer on tracksPrototype 2004—36 36—RCH-155 "Remote Controlled Howitzer"KMW / KNDS155 mmL/528×8 AFV:
BoxerDevelopment program 2020202536 36 —Variant of the Artillery Gun Module that can shoot in movement.ATI "Artillery Truck Interface"Rheinmetall155 mmL/52, orL/6010×10 truck:
Rheinmetall HX3Prototype 2021———L/60 gun in development, and system as well.https://www.rheinmetall.com/Rheinmetall%20Group/Systeme%20und%20Produkte/Fahrzeugsysteme/militaerische-nutzfahrzeuge/hx3/B298e0521-Rheinmetall-HX3-flyer.pdfIFG Mk2 SPH "Indian Field Gun"Tata Power SED / OFB105 mm L/376×6 truckDemonstrator 2005———Based on IFG, for concept trialsGaruda 105 "Mobile Artillery System"KSSL (Kalyani Strategic Systems Ltd) /Mandus Group—105 mm L/374×4 truck:
Tata LPTADemonstrator 2014———Based on IFGGaruda 105 V2 "Ultra-lightweight artillery"KSSL (Kalyani Strategic Systems Ltd) / Mandus Group—105 mm L/374×4 AFV: Indian Light Tactical vehicle HumveeDevelopment program 2014———Based on IFG Recoil system derived from American Hawkeye 105 mmMArG TC-20 ULH "Multi-terrain Artillery Gun Ultra Lightweight howitzer"KSSL (Kalyani Strategic Systems Ltd) / Bharat Forge Ltd—155 mm L/394×4 truck:
Ashok Leyland Stallion Mk IV (armoured)Operational202372 72Only 155mm howitzer mounted on a 4×4, $155.5 million deal ArmeniaMGS – ATAGS "Mounted Gun System" programDRDO BEML
KSSL (Kalyani Strategic Systems Ltd)—155 mm L/528×8 truck:
BEML HMVDevelopment program 2022———Dhanush MGS "Mounted Gun System" programGCF Jalbapur / OFB155 mm L/528×8 truck:
BEML-Tatra T815 27ET96 28 300Development program 2018———MGS – CAESAR "Mounted Gun System" programLarsen & Toubro / Nexter—155 mm L/526×6 truck:
Ashok Leyland Super StallionPrototype 2014———MGS – T5-52 "Mounted Gun System" programTata Power SED / Denel Land Systems—155 mm L/528×8 truck:
Tata LPTA 3138Development program 2023———Bhim wheeled SPHDRDO Denel Land Systems—155 mm L/528×8 truck:
TatraProgram cancelled 2000——— Based on Denel G6 turret. 200 planned on Arjun tank, and 200 on truck. Successful trials, later cancelled due to corruption.HM-41Defense Industries Organization155 mm L/396×6 truck:
MAN HX made under licence by FathOperational2017Unknown UnknownAshuraDefense Industries Organization—155 mm L/396×6 truck: Iveco TrakkerPrototype 2017———CN79 barrel, RM79 recoil buffer, and CG79 mountMajnoon / Al-FaoGerald Bull / Tribiland company 155 mmL/52 / 210 mmL/53 6×6 chassisPrototype 1989—2 2ATMOS 2000Elbit Systems155 mmL/39, or L/526×6 truck:
Tatra 815-7
8×8 trucks:
Tatra 815-7 Rheinmetall HX2Operational200589 5 18 18 19 12 5 6 6 Uganda, first recipient of the ATMOS 2000 in 2005.ATMOS M-46Elbit Systems—130 mm L/526×6 trucks:
Tatra 815-7Operational20106 5ATMOS D30 or SemserSoltam Systems—122 mm L/388×8 truck:
Kamaz6350Operational20086 6Developed by Soltam, manufactured locally.AHS Kryl Licensed variant of the ATMOS 2000Elbit Systems / Huta Stalowa Wola155 mmL/526×6 truck:
Jelcz 663.32 Prototype 2014———Prototype, no production planned at the moment.ATROM