The Airborne Internet Consortium (AIC) was a working group of small companies that formed a non-profit corporation in 2004 to foster research and development and advocacy of IP networked enabled communications for aviation. The AIC's purpose was to define, develop and promote common systems elements necessary to deploy comprehensive aviation based digital datalink capabilities throughout the United States using evolving internet capabilities.Airborne Internet Consortium, Inc., "Mission Statement", Preliminary Business Terms for Formation of the Airborne Internet Consortium, December 2004, Page 1. The adoption of commercially available, common internet based systems is discussed as an enabling concept within the US Department of Transportation's Next Generation (NextGen) Aviation Operations Concept of Operations.U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Joint Planning and Development Office, Concept of Operations for the Next Generation Aviation Transportation System v.3.2, September 30, 2010, Sec 4.2, Net-Centric Operations, Page 89, "Commercial network protocols and typologies are employed with seamless integration between aircraft, the ground and the rest of the information network, making information available to the users at an unprecedented rate". Expansion of internet based providers is called for in the US Department of Transportation's 2022 update of the National Airspace System (NAS)".U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Charting Aviation's Future: Operations in an Info-Centric National Airspace System, September 2022, page 3, "Full connectivity will come from infrastructure supporting National Airspace Systems (NAS ) operations that enable all systems to share data. With all types of devices connected to the Internet (known as the Internet of Things [IoT]) and advances in wireless technology, nearly all operators and vehicles can be connected from nearly any location at any time".
History The idea of an Airborne Internet began as a supporting technology for NASA's Small Aircraft Transportation System (SATS). Program planners identified the need to establish robust communications between aircraft, operations centers and ground facilities. Based on this recognized need, Ralph Yost proposed the idea of networking aircraft, in the same way we network computers - and thus the Airborne Internet was born.<ref>U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), [https://www.tc.faa.gov/act4/insidethefence/2006/0102_03_airborne.htm Inside the Fence, ''The Future is Now: The World of the 'Airborne Internet"], by Pete Castellano, Open-file report, January 2, 2006, (FAA Technical Center, Atlantic City, New Jersey).</ref>
A working team within the NASA SATS program was formed to compile the initial definitions and concepts for an Airborne Internet. The team was funded by NASA and the FAA to undertake preliminary steps. The working team continued as an information exchange group called the Airborne Internet Collaboration Group (AICG).Strategic Alliances Resources Network, LLC (StarNet, LLC)., Masson, Paul A., Airborne Internet Consortium-Proposed Formation Actions & Roles, Memorandum, December 4, 2003. The private sector members of the team formed the Airborne Internet Consortium (AIC) to further develop the concepts of operations and operational implementation guidelines as a basis for commercial adoption.National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Turning Goals Into Reality (TIGR) Mobility Award Nomination, 2003, accessed Airborne Internet.com, April 4, 2023.
Charter The members of the Airborne Internet Collaboration Group held a series of meetings in late 2003 and early 2004 to establish a charter. The AIC adopted the same charter for their Mission statement:Airborne Internet Consortium, Inc. Bylaws of the Airborne Internet Consortium, General Purposes, Section 1.2, Page 1.
facilitate collaborative research and development in the field of aviation communications develop open systems architecture and standards for aviation digital communications foster and promote general purpose, multi-application, scalable data channel protocols in aviation develop intellectual content to guide public and private investment in aviation digital communications promote international adoption of open systems architecture, standards, and protocols for aviation digital communications foster use of advanced aviation digital communications technology for public security
Outputs and services The Consortium intended to generate reports and ongoing services including:Preliminary Business Terms for the Formation of the Airborne Internet Consortium, "Ongoing Membership Structure and Rights", Page 2.
Research Studies- Research reports to be copyrighted and treated as shared datarights among Principal members Standards and Guidelines Reports- Technical reports to offer as standards and certification guidelines for release into the public domain Ongoing Adoption Services- Ongoing standards liaison services provided to members as long as necessary to achieve the targeted goals for influencing and/or creating standards
Membership and participation The AIC was organized into four levels of membership:ByLaws of the Airborne Internet Consortium, Membership and Participation, Section 5.2.a, Page 4.Principal- Organizations that funded and undertook research, and composed the voting representatives on the Board of Directors Aerosat Avionics, LLC Project Management Enterprises Inc. Computer Networks and Software, Inc.Supporting- Organizations that did not fund but undertook research, and composed observing members of the Board of Directors United Airlines/Flight Standards and Technology c3daero, Inc. Mulkerin and Associates, Inc.Governmental- Federal and state aviation transportation organizations Federal Aviation AdministrationIndividuals'''- Private citizens
Launch, operation and transition The Principal members of the AIC launched the entity in late 2004 after developing a business plan and preliminary technology development roadmap. The organization was led by William McNary of Aerosat LLC as president, and had co-Executive Directors: Paul A. Masson (StarNet, LLC), a professional in multi-party, R&D alliances responsible for overall management-administration, and James K. Meer (Microflight), a professional in aviation, information systems and digital communications responsible for funding and membership development.
The Consortium held working meetings in the spring and summer of 2005 to revise the technology development roadmap.Airborne Internet Consortium, Inc., Technical and Consortia Management Plan, v.1.0, July 24, 2003. The workplan and membership offering was distributed to the Joint Planning and Development Office, Boeing and Airbus, but did not result in growth of participation or offers to finance research and development.
The Board decided in the summer of 2005 to put further technology roadmap development on hold until either membership or project funding could be secured. The technology roadmap was released into the public domain as part of the membership recruitment.Airborne Internet Consortium, Inc. Meeting Notes, Board of Directors Meeting, October 12, 2005. The AIC continued as a concept advocacy group until closure in 2018.California Secretary of State, Business Filings Search, Airborne Internet Consortium, Inc. https://bizfileonline.sos.ca.gov/search/business/, accessed April 4, 2023.
Concept and architecture adoption The network enabling concept advocated by the Airborne Internet Consortium was incorporated into the Concept of Operations for the Next Generation Aviation Transportation System (NGATS) national plan.Concept of Operations, Next Generation Transportation System, Version 3.2, Integrated NextGen Information, Section 4.3, September 30, 2010, Pages 93-95.
Roadmap usage The technology roadmap was used as a reference input by CISCO corporation during an evaluation of the feasibility and value of forming an aviation internet air cargo alliance in 2013.Strategic Alliances Resources Network, LLC (StarNet, LLC), Aviation Air Cargo Supply Chain Alliance, Proposal #13-04, May 10, 2013.
See also Aviation communication Airborne Internet Small Aircraft Transportation System
References
External links Airborne Internet-SATS Program: http://www.airborneinternet.com/ Airborne Internet Blogspot: https://airborneinternet.blogspot.com/