Rineloricaria heteroptera is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the suckermouth armored catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the mailed catfishes. This catfish is found in the basins of the Amazon and Orinoco in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. This species reaches a standard length of and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.
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