On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, escalating the Russo-Ukrainian War that had begun in 2014 and marking the largest military conflict in Europe since World War II. As of 30 June 2025, Ukraine had received approximately €64.6 billion (US $75 billion) in military aid from the United States and about €84.7 billion (US $99 billion) from other international allies, primarily through drawdowns of existing stockpiles that were then delivered to Ukrainian forces. As existing stockpiles are expended, the allied industrial base has been gradually drawn in to supply Ukraine. Since January 2022 and as of August 2025, mostly Western nations have pledged at least €309 billion (US $360 billion) in aid to Ukraine, including approximately €149.3 billion (US $174 billion) in direct military assistance from individual countries.
Additional countries have also contributed, with Canada pledging CA$22 billion in assistance including CA$1.46 billion in military aid, Japan committing ¥1.5 trillion in loans and grants, Australia providing A$2 billion in support, South Korea pledging US$394 million for 2024 and an additional US$100 million in April 2025, and Turkey supplying Bayraktar TB2 drones through donations and co-production agreements.
By the beginning of 2025, the United States has provided around half of all military aid to Ukraine, with European allies providing the other half. According to defense expert Malcolm Chalmers, at the beginning of 2025 US provided 20% of all military equipment Ukraine was using, with 25% provided by Europe and 55% produced by Ukraine. However, the 20% supplied by the US "is the most lethal and important."
Since 2022, no major state actor has matched the West in overt military assistance to Moscow; instead, Russia’s most significant external support has been economic. China accounted for roughly 35 percent of Russia’s oil and gas export revenue in 2024—about US $83 billion of the $241 billion total—providing a critical balance-of-payments lifeline despite Western sanctions. Iran has also supplied hundreds of Shahed loitering munitions to Russian forces, augmenting Moscow’s capabilities on the battlefield. In addition to this, Iran has trained thousands of Russian personnel to operate the drones.
Foreign military sales and aid to Ukraine
Although Ukraine is not a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and does not have a military alliance with the United States or any NATO nation, from 24 January to 3 August 2022, the Kiel Institute has tracked $84.2 billion from the 40 NATO-member countries in financial, humanitarian, and military aid to Ukraine.
The US has provided the most military assistance, supplying $29.3 billion from February 2022 to 3 February 2023, with a cumulative $41 billion to Ukraine as of 24 July 2023. To support Ukraine, many NATO members and allies, such as Germany and Sweden, have reversed past policies against providing offensive military aid. European Union (EU) nations as a bloc have provided €3.1 billion in military support, including lethal arms, to Ukraine. Bulgaria, a major manufacturer of Soviet-pattern weapons, has supplied Ukraine with more than €2 billion worth of arms and ammunition, including a third of the ammunition the Ukrainian military needed in the critical, early phase of the invasion; Bulgaria also provides fuel supplies, and at times has covered 40% of the Ukrainian armed forces' fuel needs.
Between 2014 and 2021, the UK, US, EU, and NATO provided mostly non-lethal military aid to Ukraine. Lethal aid to the country increased in 2018, when the US began to sell it weapons, including Javelin anti-tank missiles, and Ukraine agreed to purchase TB2 combat drones from Turkey in 2019.
In 2022, Russia massed equipment and troops on Ukraine's borders. In response, the US worked with other NATO member states to transfer US-produced weapons to Ukraine. The UK began to supply Ukraine with NLAW and Javelin anti-tank weapons. After the invasion, NATO member states including Germany agreed to supply weapons but NATO itself did not. NATO and its members also refused to send troops into Ukraine or to establish a no fly-zone in case this led to a larger-scale war.
In 2022, Congress approved more than $112 billion in aid to Ukraine. In October 2023, the Biden administration requested $61.4 billion more for Ukraine for the year ahead. On 20 April 2024, the U.S. House of Representatives approved a $95 billion aid package to Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan.
In April 2024, the Latvian government approved a new aid package for Ukraine in 2024, totaling EUR 9.6 million. The package consists of EUR 5.3 million allocated for Ukraine's reconstruction and an additional EUR 4.3 million designated to support the Ukrainian Armed Forces through the European Peace Facility.
Aid via drawdown from existing stocks
On 26 February 2022, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken announced $350 million in lethal military assistance, including anti-armor and anti-aircraft systems. The next day, the EU stated it would purchase €450 million (US$502 million) in lethal assistance and an additional €50 million ($56 million) in non-lethal supplies for Ukraine with Poland handling distribution. During the first week of the invasion, NATO member states supplied more than 17,000 anti-tank weapons to Ukraine; by mid-March, the number was estimated to be more than 20,000. In three tranches that were agreed in February, March and April 2022, the EU committed to €1.5 billion to support the capabilities and resilience of the Ukrainian Armed Forces and the protection of the Ukrainian civilian population under the purview of the European Peace Facility line.
As of 11 April 2022, the US and its allies had provided Ukraine with approximately 25,000 anti-aircraft and 60,000 anti-tank weapon systems. The following day, Russia received anti-tank missiles and RPGs from Iran, which were supplied through undercover networks via Iraq. On 19 April 2022, Romania announced a planned reform to the government decree that regulates the export of military weapons and national defense products to provide these weapons to Ukraine as well as NATO allies. The Romanian Ministry of Defense developed the draft decree stating the decision was made because of Russia's aggression against Ukraine. On 27 April, Defense Minister Vasile Dincu said his plan had been discontinued. On 26 April 2022, the US convened a conference in which representatives of more than 40 countries met at the Ramstein Air Base to discuss military support for Ukraine. On 28 April 2022, US President Joe Biden asked Congress for an additional $33 billion to assist Ukraine, including $20 billion to provide it with weapons. On 5 May, Ukraine's Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal announced Ukraine had received more than $12 billion worth of weapons and financial aid from Western countries since the start of Russia's invasion on 24 February. On 10 May, the United States House of Representatives passed legislation that would provide $40 billion in new aid to Ukraine. After the US Senate approved the legislation, Biden signed it into law on 21 May.
On 23 May 2022, US Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin thanked Denmark for offering Harpoon missiles and launcher to Ukraine.Jack Buckby (26 May 2022) Harpoon: The Old Anti-Ship Missile That Is Headed To Ukraine ; Joe Gould and Meghann Myers (23 May 2022) Ukraine to get Harpoon anti-ship missiles from Denmark amid Russian Black Sea blockade By 15 June 2023 additional Harpoon missiles were en route to Ukraine.C. Todd Lopez (15 Jun 2023) Harpoon Weapon System, More Howitzers Headed to Ukraine
On 30 May 2022, French Foreign Minister Catherine Colonna announced the supply of additional CAESAR self-propelled howitzer systems that were mounted on the Renault Sherpa 5 6×6 chassis. On 25 May, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine Valerii Zaluzhnyi said that the first batch was already on the front lines fighting the invader. On 10 June, the AFU demonstrated the combat systems to representatives from the press; by that date the Ukrainian gunners possessed 18 CAESAR units. Alt URL On 31 May 2022, the White House informed the press the US would be supplying M142 HIMARS multiple-launch rocket systems to Ukraine. Some analysts said HIMARS could be a "game-changer" in the war. Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Colin Kahl stated the US would be able to send more systems as the fighting evolved.
On 10 June 2022, an official from the Ukrainian military said they were using 5,000 to 6,000 artillery rounds a day and would then be using 155-calibre. NATO-standard shells because all of their Soviet-era guns had been destroyed. The official said the Russians had transformed the war into an artillery duel that focused on the southeast of Ukraine. On 12 June, a Ukrainian presidential advisor posted on social-media platform Twitter a list of weapons Ukraine needed to achieve "heavy weapons parity"; the top item was "1000 howitzers caliber 155 mm". Ukraine said it had enough 155 mm ammunition but lacked the artillery to use it. According to Oryxspioenkop, only 250 howitzers had been promised or delivered. On 13 June, a Deutsche Welle correspondent said the Ukrainian supply of Soviet-era ammunition had been exhausted and the country had only a dwindling supply obtained from friendly ex-Soviet countries. In June 2022 Germany declassified its list of military aid to Ukraine. As of July 2022, CNN reported recently declassified American intelligence suggested Iranians have given Russian forces Shahed 129 UAV combat drones.
By 2 August 2022, for the 16 US-supplied HIMARS systems in Ukraine, the US was providing more munitions—additional HIMARS rocket pods in monthly installments, as well as more 155-mm howitzer shells—at a cost of $550 million for the 17th Presidential drawdown package. The 18th US presidential drawdown package, which was released on 8 Aug 2022, was a $1 billion package including additional HIMARS rocket pods, 75,000 rounds of 155 mm artillery ammunition, 20 120 mm mortar systems and 20,000 rounds of 120 mm mortar ammunition, National Advanced Surface-to-Air Missile Systems (NASAMS), 1,000 Javelins and hundreds of AT4 anti-tank weapons, 50 armored medical treatment vehicles, Claymore mines, C4 explosives, and medical supplies. The 19th US presidential drawdown package on 19 Aug 2022 was a $775 million package that included additional HIMARS rocket pods; 16 105 mm howitzers with 36,000 artillery rounds to supplement the UK's past contributions of 105 mm howitzers; 1,000 anti-armor Javelins; 2,000 anti-armor rounds for the Swedish Carl Gustaf 8.4 cm recoilless rifle; 1,500 tube-launched, optically tracked, wire-guided, anti-tank missiles (BGM-71 TOWs); additional AGM-88 HARM air-launched, shows Ukrainian MIG-29s With AGM-88 HARM air-launched, anti-radiation missiles already mounted anti-radiation missiles that home on radar sites; 15 ScanEagle UAVs to guide Ukrainian artillery; 40 mine flail vehicles to clear out minefields; 50 HMMWVs, tactical secure communication systems; demolition munitions; night vision devices; thermal imagery systems; optics; and laser rangefinders. Since 2021, the packages totaled $10.7 billion by 19 August 2022.
In September 2022, 800 combat drones manufactured by the Taiwanese DronesVision were transferred to Ukraine through Poland. In November 2022, the UK announced it was donating to Ukraine three former Royal Navy and Royal Air Force Sea King helicopters .